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Presenteeism is a workplace word for a bad habit that looks, at first, like hard work. People keep coming in — even when they are ill, worn out, or could take a holiday — because they want the boss to see them sitting there. The tidy opposite is absenteeism, which is staying away too much; this is showing up too much, for the wrong reasons. The work done while sick is often poor, and colds travel round the office, so it is not a compliment. HR staff, researchers, and newspapers use it; in ordinary talk people more often just say someone comes in even when they are sick. Though actually, some offices quietly reward the behaviour, which is why a special word had to be coined for it. It is fairly new, and still a bit specialist.
出勤主義（明明生病或該休假卻仍來上班，好讓上司看到你很認真；口語也說帶病上班）
組成From presentee (a person who is present at work) + -ism, modelled on absenteeism. Coined by the academic Cary Cooper.
同家族的字
- presenteethe person who is there at work; this word names the habit of being that person too much
- absenteeismpresenteeism was coined to sit opposite this older workplace word
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
presenteeismnoun/pɹɛ.sənˈtiːˌɪz.m̩/
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The fact of being present at work, especially if one is too sick to be productive, or working beyond the expected hours.
- Research shows that presenteeism, apart from the obvious danger of contamination of other workers, can lead to longer absence from work later on.
- Organisations that have noticed an increase in presenteeism are nearly twice as likely to report an increase in stress-related absence and more than twice as likely to report an increase in mental health problems among their staff too.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。