- 1實證主義
Positivism is a kind of philosophy that says: only trust what you can test. If you can measure it, show it in a lab, or prove it with facts, it counts. Ideas you cannot test — God, the soul, what is good — are set aside, or treated as not the business of knowledge. A French , Auguste Comte, gave the school its name in the nineteenth century. Though actually, people now use the word more loosely. A scientist who away anything that will not fit in a may be called a , even if they have never read a page of Comte. In universities it is a serious label. In ordinary talk it can sound dry, even a little cold, as if feelings did not matter. And it has nothing to do with being positive meaning cheerful — that is the trap almost every steps in.
組成Borrowed from French positivisme, from positif (“positive”). By surface analysis, positive + -ism. Positive here means “based on what is given or can be shown,” not “cheerful.”
同家族的字
- positivethe older sense “based on facts or what is given,” not “cheerful”
- positivistthe person who holds this view, or the adjective for it
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
positivismnoun/ˈpɒzɪtɪvˌɪzm/
- 1
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesA doctrine that states that the only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge, and that such knowledge can only come from positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method, refusing every form of metaphysics.
- The goal of positivism is to construct an objective, empirical and systematic foundation for knowledge. Given the above five tenets, it follows that positivists would hold that the world is composed of ‘facts’, or ‘sense data’ (or ‘atoms’).
- History, and its literary expression, narrative, were not scientific, and so did not deserve the attention that true sciences did. Only science could yield positive knowledge—hence the passion for positivism, and the origin of the term.
- 2
lawA school of thought in jurisprudence in which the law is seen as separated from moral values; i.e., the law is posited by lawmakers (people).
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。