- 1
Phonology is the study of the sound system of a language — which sounds it uses, which ones it treats as “the same,” and the patterns they follow. It can also mean the system itself: “the phonology of Mandarin” means Mandarin’s sound pattern, not only a book about it.
Phonology音韻學 is the study of the sound system of a language研究的是一個語言的聲音系統 — which sounds it uses它用了哪些音, which ones it treats as "the same,"哪些音它當成「一樣的」, and the patterns they follow以及這些音遵循的規律。 It can also mean the system itself它也可以指系統本身: "the phonology of Mandarin""the phonology of Mandarin"這樣講的話 means Mandarin's sound pattern指的是國語的聲音規律, not only a book about it而不只是一本介紹它的書。
Though actually, this is the word students most often mix with . is the science of the sounds as physical things: the mouth, the air, the ear. Phonology is the language’s own map of those sounds. Two sounds can be a little different in and still be “the same” in the phonology, which is why English speakers may not notice a difference that a feels clearly.
Though actually不過其實, this is the word students most often mix with phonetics這是學生最常拿來跟phonetics（語音學）搞混的字。 Phonetics語音學 is the science of the sounds as physical things研究的是聲音本身作為物理現象的科學: the mouth, the air, the ear包括嘴巴、空氣、耳朵。 Phonology is the language's own map of those soundsphonology則是這個語言自己對這些聲音畫出來的地圖。 Two sounds can be a little different in phonetics兩個音在phonetics上可能有點不同, and而 still be "the same" in the phonology在phonology裡卻算「一樣」, which is why所以 English speakers may not notice a difference說英語的人可能不會注意到某個差異, that a learner feels clearly而學習者卻會感覺得很清楚。
It is also not , which is a method for teaching reading.
It is also not phonics它也不是phonics（自然發音法）, which is a method for teaching reading自然發音法是一種教閱讀的方法。
Phonology is a formal, academic word. You will see it in , in some teacher-training courses, and in careful descriptions of a language — rarely in everyday chat.
Phonology is a formal, academic wordphonology是一個正式、學術性的字。 You will see it你會在 in linguistics語言學裡, in some teacher-training courses一些師資培訓課程裡, and in careful descriptions of a language還有仔細描述一個語言的文章裡看到它 — rarely in everyday chat平常聊天很少用到。
組成phono- (sound) + -logy (a field of study). Built from phono- + -logy.
同家族的字
- phonologicalthe adjective form
- phonologista person who studies this
- biologyshares -logy, meaning a field of study
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
phonologynoun/fəˈnɒləd͡ʒi/
- 1
human-scienceslinguisticssciencesThe study of the way sounds function in languages, including accent, intonation, phonemes, stress, and syllable structure, and which sounds are distinctive units within a language; (countable) the way sounds function within a given language; a phonological system.
- Prospectus of a new work, entitled Pantographia: Containing accurate copies of all the known alphabets in the world. Together with an English explanation of the peculiar force of each letter: To which will be added specimens of all well-authenticated oral languages, Forming a comprehensive Digest of phonology.
- The advantages of such a system [of a universal alphabet], both scientific and practical, were urged, the former in connection with the study of ethnology and philology, and the latter chiefly in connection with the great Protestant missionary enterprises of the present time. Professor [Karl Richard] Lepsius and Dr. Max Müller have devoted much time to the subject, founding their phonology on the physiological principles ably expounded by Dr. Johannes Müller, and published in the Transactions of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin.
- 2
human-scienceslinguisticssciencesThe study of the way components of signs function in a sign language, and which components are distinctive units within the language; (countable) the way components of signs function within a given sign language.
- Sign language linguists have produced many volumes of description of the phonology and morphology of signs and the syntax of sign languages.
- The term ‘phonology’ may seem odd in the context of sign linguistics, since the word has as its root phon – the Greek word for ‘sound’. […] However, sign linguists now prefer the term phonology to emphasise that the same level of structure exists in sign language and spoken language, despite the differences in modality. The study of sign phonology began with the work of William Stokoe, the American founder of sign linguistics.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。