核心畫面

You can picture a small child at the door calling one short syllable into the house — the name they use for the one person they call for first. That is the everyday British mum: not a formal word for a mother, but the word said out loud at home, the way 媽 is said in Chinese.

可以想成一個小孩在門口朝屋裡喊出短短一個音節——那是他第一個會喊、也最常喊的人。這就是英式英文裡日常的 mum:它不更多收起可以想成一個小孩在門口朝屋裡喊出短短一個音節——那是他第一個會喊、也最常喊的人。這就是英式英文裡日常的 mum:它不是用來「稱呼母親」的正式詞,而是家裡真的喊出口的那個字,就像中文的「媽」。(美式多寫成 mom,正式或書面則用 mother。)

From the word’s history

The family word 'mum' is recorded from 1823 as a pet form of 'mummy', which goes back to 'mamma' — the kind of easy lip-sound a baby makes first.

當「媽媽」講的 mum,記錄始於 1823 年,是 mummy 的暱稱形式,再往上接到 mamma——也就是嬰兒最早發得出來的那種閉唇音。所以它天生就是家裡的口語,不是書面用語。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry 'mum (n.2)'

原始詞典資料12 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Mumname

  • 1

    informalOne’s mother.

    • I wish Mum and Dad didn't argue so much.

mumnoun詞源 1/mʌm/

  • 1

    informalmother

    • From the Marvel Mixmaster to the Miracle Microwave, every time a new-fangled gadget has lobbed into the Aussie kitchen, Aussie mums have changed their cooking styles accordingly.
    • 'Ooh Mum, Auntie don′t allow smokin’ - Pat′s eyes were round with awe as Mum struck a match.

mumnoun詞源 2/mʌm/

  • 1

    A chrysanthemum.

    • I don't know whether that's true or whether New Yorkers are being enjoined from watering the mums in their window boxes or whatever, but I do know that there hasn't been one rain-delay in the whole tournament so far […].
  • 2

    A decoration traditionally made of chrysanthemums and ribbons, worn by girls at high school homecoming celebrations, marked with indicators such as the wearer's name, school, the year, and so on.

mumadj詞源 3/mʌm/

  • 1

    archaicSilent.

    • The citizens are mum, and speak not a word.
    • [Vladimir Putin] has serious climate problems. And he has been mum on his willingness to do anything.
  • 2

    Secret.

    • “Come here, friend,” sternly from the doctor. “Now I give you the way inside if you’ll promise to keep it mum.”

mumintj詞源 3/mʌm/

  • 1

    stop speaking!, stop talking!, hush!

    • Mum, then, and no more.
    • Ahab has that that’s bloody on his mind. But, mum; he comes this way.

mumverb詞源 3/mʌm/

  • 1

    To act in a pantomime or dumb show.

  • 2

    obsoleteslangTo silence.

    • "Well, Sal, you mum your dubber pretty generally, but when you do slacken your glib you may as well do it civilly."

mumnoun詞源 3/mʌm/

  • 1

    obsoleteSilence.

    • Entrust it under solemn Vows / Of Mum and Silence,[…]

mumnoun詞源 4/mʌm/

  • 1

    A type of strong beer, originally made in Brunswick, Germany.

    • The clamorous crowd is hushed with mugs of mum.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。