核心畫面

One way in is the Arabic word behind it: the one who gives the formal opinion. That picture carries the first meaning straight through - a scholar who is asked and who answers. The British phrase in mufti shares the spelling and the history, but the evidence here does not show how the word travelled from the scholar to a soldier's ordinary clothes, so that use is given its own picture instead of being pushed back onto this one.

「mufti」可以從阿拉伯文的意思進去:「給出正式意見的人」。第一個意思直接就是這張圖——有人來問,他給出正式的答案更多收起「mufti」可以從阿拉伯文的意思進去:「給出正式意見的人」。第一個意思直接就是這張圖——有人來問,他給出正式的答案。英式片語 in mufti 拼法和來歷相同,但手上的資料沒有說明它怎麼從「學者」走到「便服」,所以這裡不硬把它接回來,另外給它一張自己的圖。

From the word’s history

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish mufti, from Arabic mufti, literally the deliverer of a formal opinion. That is the scholar sense exactly: someone whose role is to be asked and to answer.

字源資料說它借自鄂圖曼土耳其文 müfti,再往前是阿拉伯文 muftī,字面就是「給出正式意見的人」。這正好就是第一個意思:他的角色是被問、然後回答。

Wiktionary entry for 'mufti' (noun), etymology_text supplied in the evidence packet: 'Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish mufti, from Arabic muftī, literally deliverer of formal opinion.'

From the picture

解釋教法的學者

這一支就是核心畫面本身,字源和今天的用法完全對得上。

noun · C1

A Muslim scholar whose official job is to explain Islamic law, and to give a formal answer, called a fatwa, when someone asks what the law says about a question.

穆夫提(伊斯蘭教法學者)

Also in this word

noun · C1

Wearing ordinary everyday clothes instead of the uniform you normally wear — said about people such as soldiers, police officers, or pupils at a school with a uniform.

穿便服(沒穿制服)