Militancy is the stance of being militant: a readiness to use strong action — strikes, hard protest, even violence — to push political or social change. The word names the heat, not the army.

Militancy is the stance of being militantMilitancy指的是militant（好戰、激進）這種立場: a readiness to use strong action — strikes, hard protest, even violence願意採取強硬行動——罷工、激烈抗爭，甚至暴力 — to push political or social change來推動政治或社會的改變。The word names the heat, not the army這個字講的是那股「衝勁」，不是軍隊。

A union’s militancy is how far it will go: a one-day strike is one thing; occupying a factory is another. News writers also speak of the militancy of a movement when it has become more confrontational.

A union's militancy is how far it will go工會的militancy指的是它願意做到什麼程度: a one-day strike is one thing一天的罷工是一回事; occupying a factory is another佔領工廠又是另一回事。News writers also speak of the militancy of a movement when it has become more confrontational新聞寫作者也會用一個運動的militancy來形容它變得更具對抗性。

It is not always guns. In labour talk it often means refusing to be polite or patient.

It is not always guns它不一定跟槍砲有關。In labour talk it often means refusing to be polite or patient在勞工議題的討論裡，它常常指拒絕再客氣、再忍耐。

Still, in politics and security news it frequently sits next to armed groups, so the violent reading is the one many learners meet first. It is a noun: the quality or the mood, not the person.

Still, in politics and security news不過在政治和安全新聞裡, it frequently sits next to armed groups它常常跟武裝團體放在一起出現, so the violent reading is the one many learners meet first所以很多學習者最先遇到的是那個「暴力」的意思。It is a noun: the quality or the mood, not the person它是名詞，指的是一種特質或氛圍，不是指人。