- 1殉道、殉教
Martyrdom is death as a martyr: dying because you will not give up your faith or your cause. In Christian talk it is the death of someone killed for following Jesus. People also use it for dying — or being killed — for any belief they refuse to drop. The word names the death, or the state of dying that way, not the person (the person is the martyr). It is a serious, often church or history word. Though actually, in looser everyday English you sometimes hear it with a raised , for someone who acts as if they are suffering when the pain is small; even then the picture underneath is still that of a real death for a belief.
From the word’s history
From Old English martyrdōm; martyr + -dom.
源自古英文 martyrdōm，martyr「殉道者」＋-dom「狀態」。
組成martyr + -dom. -dom is an old ending meaning “the state or condition of.” From Old English martyrdōm.
同家族的字
- martyrmartyrdom is the death, or the state, of a martyr
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
martyrdomnoun/ˈmɑː(ɹ).tə(ɹ).dəm/
- 1
The condition of a martyr; the death or suffering of a martyr; the death or suffering on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause.
- The like clamour, and outcry, the Rabble of the unbelieving Jews and Gentiles made againſt Polycarp Biſhop of Smyrna, at the time of his Martyrdom. crying out againſt him to the Governour, that he ſhould caſt him to the Lyons, and when he anſwered them he could not, becauſe the Spectacular ſports were concluded, then they cry’d out, Burn him, burn him, juſt as the Jews cryed out againſt Chriſt to Pilate, Crucify him, crucify him.
- “Regard not that, my brother,” answered Magdalen Græme; “the first successors of Saint Peter himself, were elected not in sunshine but in tempests—not in the halls of the Vatican, but in the subterranean vaults and dungeons of Heathen Rome—they were not gratulated with shouts and salvos of cannon-shot and of musquetry, and the display of artificial fire—no, my brother—but by the hoarse summons of Lictors and Prætors, who came to drag the Fathers of the Church to martyrdom.[…]”
- 2
Extreme suffering, affliction; torment; torture, especially without reason.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。