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Martyrdom is death as a martyr: dying because you will not give up your faith or your cause. In Christian talk it is the death of someone killed for following Jesus.
Martyrdom殉道 is是 death as a martyr以殉道者身分死去：dying因為你不肯放棄自己的信仰或理念 because you will not give up your faith or your cause而死。In Christian talk在基督教的說法裡 it它 is is the death of someone killed for following Jesus指的是因為跟隨耶穌而被殺的人的死。
People also use it for dying — or being killed — for any belief they refuse to drop. The word names the death, or the state of dying that way, not the person (the person is the martyr).
People also use it大家也會用這個字，for dying — or being killed —指因為 for any belief they refuse to drop任何他們不肯放棄的信念而死或被殺。The word names the death這個字指的是那個死亡本身，or the state of dying that way或那樣死去的狀態，not the person而不是那個人（(the person is the martyr)那個人叫martyr）。
It is a serious, often church or history word.
It它 is是 a serious一個嚴肅的，often church or history word常常出現在教會或歷史脈絡裡的詞。
Though actually, in looser everyday English you sometimes hear it with a raised , for someone who acts as if they are suffering when the pain is small; even then the picture underneath is still that of a real death for a belief.
Though actually不過其實，in looser everyday English在比較隨性的日常英文裡 you sometimes hear it有時候你會聽到這個字帶點挑眉的意味 with a raised eyebrow，for someone用來說某人 who acts as if they are suffering nobly明明痛苦沒那麼大卻裝出一副高尚受苦的樣子 when the pain is small（合併）；even then即使如此 the picture underneath底層的畫面 is still that of a real death for a belief仍然是為了信念真正犧牲性命的那個形象。
組成martyr + -dom. -dom is an old ending meaning “the state or condition of.” From Old English martyrdōm.
同家族的字
- martyrmartyrdom is the death, or the state, of a martyr
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
martyrdomnoun/ˈmɑː(ɹ).tə(ɹ).dəm/
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The condition of a martyr; the death or suffering of a martyr; the death or suffering on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause.
- The like clamour, and outcry, the Rabble of the unbelieving Jews and Gentiles made againſt Polycarp Biſhop of Smyrna, at the time of his Martyrdom. crying out againſt him to the Governour, that he ſhould caſt him to the Lyons, and when he anſwered them he could not, becauſe the Spectacular ſports were concluded, then they cry’d out, Burn him, burn him, juſt as the Jews cryed out againſt Chriſt to Pilate, Crucify him, crucify him.
- “Regard not that, my brother,” answered Magdalen Græme; “the first successors of Saint Peter himself, were elected not in sunshine but in tempests—not in the halls of the Vatican, but in the subterranean vaults and dungeons of Heathen Rome—they were not gratulated with shouts and salvos of cannon-shot and of musquetry, and the display of artificial fire—no, my brother—but by the hoarse summons of Lictors and Prætors, who came to drag the Fathers of the Church to martyrdom.[…]”
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Extreme suffering, affliction; torment; torture, especially without reason.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。