Lanarkshire is an area in south-central Scotland. Today people usually speak of two local government areas: North Lanarkshire and South Lanarkshire. The old county took its name from the town of Lanark. It is a place name, so it takes a capital L. You will mainly meet it in geography, news, or sport when the story is set in Scotland. Though actually, it is easy to mix up with Lancashire in England: the names look like cousins, but one is Scottish and one is English, and they are not the same place.