Jihad is an Arabic word that English borrowed. In Arabic it means a struggle or a hard effort — the kind you put your whole self into.

Jihad jihad is是 an Arabic word that English borrowed一個英文借來的阿拉伯字。 In Arabic在阿拉伯文裡 it means指的是 a struggle or a hard effort一種奮鬥或很大的努力 the kind you put your whole self into那種要投入整個自己去做的努力。

In Islam that can mean trying hard to live a good life (some Muslims call this the greater jihad), and it can also mean fighting in a war that is understood as a religious duty (sometimes called the lesser jihad).

In Islam在伊斯蘭教裡 that can mean trying hard to live a good life這可以指努力過好的生活 (some Muslims call this the greater jihad)（有些穆斯林稱之為「大聖戰」） and it can also mean fighting in a war that is understood as a religious duty也可以指在被視為宗教義務的戰爭中作戰 (sometimes called the lesser jihad)（有時稱為「小聖戰」）。

In everyday English, though, especially in the news, people almost always use jihad to mean a holy war — armed fighting in the name of Islam. That English use is narrower, louder, and more political than the full Arabic idea.

In everyday English不過在日常英文裡 especially in the news尤其是新聞報導 people almost always use jihad to mean a holy war幾乎都把jihad用來指「聖戰」 armed fighting in the name of Islam也就是以伊斯蘭之名進行的武裝戰鬥。 That English use這種英文用法 is narrower, louder, and more political than the full Arabic idea比完整的阿拉伯文原意更狹隘、更聳動、也更政治化。

Muslims themselves do not all agree on what counts as jihad; people who study this have argued about it for a very long time.

Muslims themselves do not all agree on what counts as jihad連穆斯林自己對什麼才算jihad也沒有一致的看法 people who study this have argued about it for a very long time研究這個問題的學者也已經爭論了很長一段時間。

As a verb, to jihad is rare and sounds odd to many speakers; the noun is the form you will actually meet. Handle it with care: it is a real religious word, not a joke. Some English speakers stretch it to mean any fierce campaign (“a jihad against junk food”), which many Muslims find careless.

As a verb當動詞用時 to jihad is rare and sounds odd to many speakersto jihad很少見，對很多人來說聽起來很怪 the noun is the form you will actually meet你實際上會遇到的是名詞形式。 Handle it with care用這個字要小心 it is a real religious word, not a joke它是個真正的宗教詞彙，不是拿來開玩笑的。 Some English speakers stretch it有些英語使用者會把它引申 to mean any fierce campaign用來指任何激烈的行動 ("a jihad against junk food")（像"a jihad against junk food"，向垃圾食物宣戰） which many Muslims find careless很多穆斯林覺得這樣用很不謹慎。