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Janus is a god from old Roman stories. He looks after gates, doors, and beginnings — the moment you step from one side to the other, or from one year into the next.
Janus雅努斯 is a god from old Roman stories是古羅馬故事裡的一位神。He looks after他掌管 gates, doors, and beginnings大門、門戶和一切開端 — the moment you step from one side to the other也就是你從一邊跨到另一邊的那一刻, or from one year into the next或是從一年跨進下一年的那一刻。
In pictures he almost always has two faces on one head: one looks back at what has already happened, and one looks forward at what is coming. That is why the Romans put him at the start of the year; the month January is named after him.
In pictures在圖畫裡 he almost always has two faces on one head他幾乎總是一個頭上有兩張臉: one looks back at what has already happened一張回頭看已經發生的事, and one looks forward at what is coming另一張向前看即將到來的事。That is why這就是為什麼 the Romans put him at the start of the year羅馬人把他放在一年的開頭; the month January is named after him一月January這個月份的名字就是從他來的。
You will meet him in myths and in art, not as an everyday name for a living person.
You will meet him你會在 in myths and in art神話和藝術作品裡遇到他, not as an everyday name for a living person而不是拿來當活人日常用的名字。
In careful or English, Janus-faced means someone who is two-faced: they change what they say depending on who is in the room, and they do not mean it. That is not a compliment.
In careful or bookish English在講究或書面一點的英文裡, Janus-faced means someone who is two-faced Janus-faced指的是一個人兩面三刀: they change what they say depending on who is in the room他們講的話會隨在場的人不同而改變, and they do not mean it而且說的都不是真心話。That is not a compliment這不是稱讚。
It is a dressed-up way of saying a person plays two sides. The tidy picture is “god of doors”; the way writers still use him is often that sharper, idea of looking both ways at once.
It is a dressed-up way of saying這是一種比較文雅的說法，用來說 a person plays two sides一個人腳踏兩條船、兩邊都討好。The tidy picture is "god of doors"整齊的說法是「門神」; the way writers still use him作家們現在還在用他的方式, is often that sharper, unkind idea of looking both ways at once通常是那個更犀利、不太客氣的意思——同時看兩邊、兩面討好。
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Janusname/ˈd͡ʒeɪnəs/
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human-sciencesmysticismmythologyThe god of doorways, gates and transitions, and of beginnings and endings, having two faces looking in opposite directions.
- In the ages of victory, as often as the senate decreed some distant conquest, the consul denounced hostilities, by unbarring, in solemn pomp, the gates of the temple of Janus. Domestic war now rendered the admonition superfluous, and the ceremony was superseded by the establishment of a new religion. But the brazen temple of Janus was left standing in the forum; of a size sufficient only to contain the statue of the god, five cubits in height, of a human form, but with two faces, directed to the east and west.
- [K]nowing that the minds of the people, rendered ferocious by a military life, would never accommodate themſelves to the practice of theſe [principles of justice, laws, and morals], during the continuance of war, he [Numa Pompilius] reſolved, by a diſuſe of arms, to mollify the fierceneſs of their temper: with this view, he built a temple to Janus, near the foot of the hill Argiletum, which was to notify a ſtate either of war or of peace: when open, it denoted that the ſtate was engaged in war; when ſhut, that there was peace with all the ſurrounding nations.
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Used to indicate things with two faces (such as animals with diprosopus) or aspects; or made of two different materials; or having a two-way action.
- Janus cat, Janus particle
- But other categories of word-play have not been researched extensively or systematically. Among the latter is the type of word-play known as polysemous parallelism, or more commonly, Janus parallelism. The latter term was coined by Cyrus Gordon to describe a literary device in which a middle stich of poetry parallels in a polysemous manner both the line that precedes it and the line which follows it.
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesUsed to indicate things with two faces (such as animals with diprosopus) or aspects; or made of two different materials; or having a two-way action.
- Janus green B is a dye used widely in histology to stain cells for microscopic examination.
- In order to show that such stains are due to oxycellulose, the fabric should be stripped with titanous chloride solution or sodium hydrosulphite. On redyeing with Janus Blue the oxycellulose patches are more heavily dyed. The writer prefers Janus Blue to the Methylene Blue which is usually recommended.
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A two-faced person, a hypocrite.
- The hypocrite; or, The modern Janus.
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A moon of Saturn.
- Heavily cratered and irregularly shaped, Janus orbits Saturn just beyond the F ring and only 50km (30 miles) farther away than its co-orbital moon, Epimetheus.
- Two of Saturn's small moons have the unique distinction of sharing the same orbit. Epimetheus and Janus circle the Lord of the Rings at a distance of just over 151,000 km, about half the distance from Earth to the Moon. Both are irregularly shaped. Janus is 179 km across, while Epimetheus is about 116 km in diameter.
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rareA male given name from Latin.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。