If someone is insolent, they are rude in a way that shows they do not respect you. It often describes a look, a tone, or an answer — an insolent stare, an insolent reply — more than a long list of bad deeds.

If someone is insolent如果一個人insolent they are rude in a way that shows they do not respect you就是用一種擺明不尊重你的方式沒禮貌 It often describes a look, a tone, or an answer這個字常常是在講一個眼神、一種語氣，或一句回答 — an insolent stare, an insolent reply ———像insolent stare（挑釁的瞪視）、insolent reply（無禮的回嘴）—— more than a long list of bad deeds而不是一長串的壞行為

It is a fairly formal, slightly old-fashioned word; teachers, novels, and complaints use it more than teenagers in chat.

It is a fairly formal, slightly old-fashioned word這是個相當正式、有點老派的字 teachers, novels, and complaints use it more than teenagers in chat老師、小說、投訴信裡比青少年聊天時更常用

The Latin story is a little surprising: in- meaning “not” plus a piece meaning “being used to,” from solēre (“to be accustomed”). So it started as “unaccustomed / not the usual,” and then came to mean too bold, too proud.

The Latin story is a little surprising拉丁字源有點意外 in- meaning "not" plus a piece meaning "being used to,"in-表示『不』，加上表示『習慣於』的部分 from solēre ("to be accustomed").來自solēre（『習慣』） So it started as "unaccustomed / not the usual,"所以一開始的意思是『不習慣的／不尋常的』 and then came to mean too bold, too proud後來才變成太大膽、太自負的意思

You do not need that history to use the word, but it does explain why it is not connected to insole.

You do not need that history to use the word不需要知道這段歷史也能用這個字 but it does explain why it is not connected to insole但這確實可以解釋為什麼它跟insole（鞋墊）沒有關係