Infrastructural is the adjective for the basic systems a country, city, or big organisation needs in order to work: roads, rail, ports, power, water, hospitals, banks, the internet backbone. So infrastructural spending is money for those systems, not for one pretty building.

Infrastructural is指 the adjective是形容詞 for the basic systems基本系統的 a country, city, or big organisation一個國家、城市，或大型組織 needs in order to work要運作所需要的: roads, rail, ports, power, water, hospitals, banks, the internet backbone像是道路、鐵路、港口、電力、水、醫院、銀行、網路骨幹。So so infrastructural spending所以infrastructural spending is指的是 money for those systems花在這些系統上的錢, not for one pretty building不是花在某一棟漂亮的建築物上。

Infrastructural problems are when those systems are weak, old, or missing. The noun you already know is infrastructure; this form just lets you put the idea in front of another noun.

Infrastructural problems infrastructural problems are指的是 when those systems are weak, old, or missing這些系統很脆弱、老舊，或根本沒有的時候。The noun you already know你已經知道的名詞 is是 infrastructure infrastructure; this form就是這個形式 just lets you put the idea只是讓你可以把這個概念 in front of another noun放在另一個名詞前面。

Though actually, news writers sometimes pile it on because it sounds serious — ‘infrastructural challenges’ when they mean ‘the roads are bad.’ It is a heavy, official-sounding word. Learners can use it, but naming the roads and power lines is often clearer, and that is fine.

Though actually不過, news writers新聞寫作的人 sometimes pile it on有時候會堆疊使用它 because it sounds serious因為聽起來比較嚴肅 — 'infrastructural challenges'講「infrastructural challenges」 when they mean其實意思只是 'the roads are bad.'「道路很爛」。It is這是 a heavy, official-sounding word一個沉重、官方腔調很重的字。Learners學習者 can use it可以用這個字, but naming the roads and power lines但直接講出道路和電線 is often clearer通常更清楚, and that is fine這樣講也沒問題。