- 1損傷、功能損傷（特教／醫療用語；和「障礙」不完全一樣：impairment 指身體或心智本身的缺損）
An impairment is a lasting damage or weakness in a part of the body or the mind, so that part does not work as well as it should. Doctors, teachers, and official papers use this word a lot: a hearing impairment means the ears do not hear well; a visual impairment means the eyes do not see well; a cognitive or learning impairment means some kinds of thinking, remembering, or are harder. It is a careful, rather formal word. In ordinary talk people more often say the plain fact — “she can’t hear well,” “his back is bad.” In disability language, impairment is about the body or mind itself (the part that is hurt or weak). Disability is often about the extra trouble a person meets in the world because of that. People also stretch it a little: impairment of judgment means your thinking is not as clear as usual, for example after drinking or when you are very tired. The word always names a loss or a , not a small everyday bother, and not the person — you can say “a person with a visual impairment,” not “an impairment” for the person.
From the word’s history
From Middle English empeirement, from Anglo-Norman empairement, from Old French ampirement; impair + -ment.
經古法文 ampirement 而來，就是 impair 加上 -ment。
組成impair + -ment. Impair is the verb “make weaker or worse”; -ment turns it into a noun, the state or result. The word came through Middle English (empeirement, empeyrement) from Anglo-Norman and Old French.
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
impairmentnoun/ɪmˈpɛəmənt/
- 1
The result of being impaired.
- 2
A deterioration or weakening.
- We determined that the car driver’s transportation of multiple teen passengers, limited driving experience, and likely impairment from effects of cannabis at the time of the crash adversely affected her judgment of the danger of entering the intersection in front of the approaching combination vehicle.
- 3
A disability or handicap.
- visual impairment
- 4
A loss or absence of baseline human functioning that may lead to a disability.
- 5
An inefficient part or factor.
- 6
accountingbusinessfinanceA downward revaluation, a write-down.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。