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A hedgehog is a small brown European animal with a round, low body, a short snout, and a back covered in stiff, sharp spines, like short needles. When it is afraid, it rolls into a tight ball so the spines stick out and a fox or dog cannot easily bite it. It comes out at night and eats insects, slugs, and worms. It likes gardens, hedges, and the edges of fields.
A hedgehog刺蝟 is a small brown European animal是一種歐洲的小型棕色動物, with a round, low body身體圓圓矮矮的, a short snout短短的口鼻, and a back covered in stiff, sharp spines, like short needles背上覆滿又硬又尖的刺，像短短的針。When it is afraid牠害怕的時候, it rolls into a tight ball會蜷成緊緊的一團, so the spines stick out讓刺豎起來, and a fox or dog cannot easily bite it讓狐狸或狗不容易咬到牠。It它 comes out at night夜裡出來活動 and eats insects, slugs, and worms吃昆蟲、蛞蝓，和蚯蚓。It它 likes gardens, hedges, and the edges of fields喜歡花園、樹籬，和田邊。
That animal is the meaning you will almost always need. English named it for where it lives and how it looks: a little “hog” of the hedge.
That animal這種動物 is the meaning you will almost always need幾乎就是你會用到的意思。English英文 named it for where it lives and how it looks依牠住的地方和長相來命名：a little "hog" of the hedge就是「樹籬（hedge）裡的小豬（hog）」。
Though actually, some people stretch the word. In 1953 the writer Isaiah Berlin wrote about “the hedgehog and the fox”: the hedgehog is the kind of who holds one big idea. That extra sense lives in essays, not in the garden.
Though actually不過其實，some people stretch the word有些人會延伸這個字的用法。In 1953 1953 年, the writer Isaiah Berlin作家以撒·柏林 wrote about "the hedgehog and the fox"寫過一篇〈刺蝟與狐狸〉：the hedgehog is the kind of thinker who holds one big idea刺蝟指的是那種只抱著一個大想法的思想家。That extra sense這個延伸的意思 lives in essays, not in the garden活在文章裡，不是活在花園裡。
The wild European hedgehog is also not the same as a , which is larger, with much longer spines.
The wild European hedgehog野生的歐洲刺蝟 is also not the same as a porcupine也跟豪豬不一樣, which is larger, with much longer spines豪豬體型更大，刺也長得多。
組成From Middle English heyghoge; hedge + hog. People saw a small hog-like animal that lives in hedges. This name replaced older English words (including ones from Old French hirchoun / herichon and Old English īl, iġil).
原始詞典資料16 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
hedgehognoun/ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɒɡ/
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A small mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, characterized by their spiny back and often by the habit of rolling up into a ball when attacked, native to Afro-Eurasia.
- [L]ike Hedg-hogs vvhich / Lye tumbling in my bare-foote vvay, and mount / Their pricks at my foot-fall: ſometime am I / All vvound vvith Adders, vvho vvith clouen tongues / Doe hiſſe me into madneſſe: […]
- Among the Romans the genital organ of the hedgehog and the wolf were among the ingredients used in aphrodisiac concoctions.
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Any of several spiny mammals, such as the porcupine, that are similar to the hedgehog.
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historicalinformalgovernmentmilitarypoliticsA spigot mortar-type of depth charge weapon from World War II that simultaneously fires a number of explosives into the water to create a pattern of underwater explosions intended to attack submerged submarines.
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A type of chocolate cake (or slice), somewhat similar to an American brownie.
- 2005, Paul Mitchell, The Favourite, Frank Moorhouse, The Best Australian Stories 2005, page 145, There are hedgehogs with sultanas as well as breadcrumbs, carrot cakes and fruitcakes and banana walnut loaves.
- I am so flustered that I order a vanilla slice instead of hedgehog.
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A form of dredging machine.
- The first machines merely loosened, but did not raise the stuff, a scouring being afterwards effected by means of sluices. These machines consisted of large bars or prongs placed vertically in a frame, and being fastened to a barge placed in the line of the sluices, the whole was inpelled forward by the current, thereby scouring the bed. Such a machine, called a hedgehog, is still used in Lincolnshire.
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Certain flowering plants with parts resembling a member of family Erinaceidae
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Certain flowering plants with parts resembling a member of family Erinaceidae
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The edible fungus Hydnum repandum.
- Hedgehogs fruit from autumn until late spring. Many consumers are still unfamiliar with hedgehogs, and they have a relatively small commercial trade.
另外 4 個記錄的用法
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A kind of electrical transformer with open magnetic circuit, the ends of the iron wire core being turned outward and presenting a bristling appearance.
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A way of serving food at a party, consisting of a half melon or potato etc. with individual cocktail sticks of cheese and pineapple stuck into it.
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A type of plane curve; see Hedgehog (geometry).
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human-sciencesphilosophysciencesSomeone who has one big overarching personal philosophy or worldview.
- Austin was patiently and painstakingly concerned with truth within limitations. He was a hedgehog, not a fox.
- Dewey was a hedgehog rather than a fox; he spent his life trying to articulate and restate a single vision, and in the writings of his third decade he already exhibits the tension I have claimed to find in the later writings.
hedgehogverb/ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɒɡ/
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governmentmilitarypoliticsTo make use of a hedgehog barricade as a defensive maneuver.
- Hedgehogging means — let us call a spade a spade — that we're were encircled: It's something that has been forced upon us, a predicament from which we ought to try to escape as fast as possible.
- Luettwitz hedgehogged his regiment and held his positions until the rest of the division arrived two days later.
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To array with spiky projections like the quills of a hedgehog.
- All around were styrofoam cups hedgehogged with butts, and the threebar electric heater was encrusted with bits of charcoaled tobacco and frazzled stands of hair where people had stooped down to spark up.
- The walls were pockmarked with fragments of stone and hedgehogged with jagged daggers of glass, while in the street below there were sickening splodges on the pavement which a workman was covering with sawdust.
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To curl up into a defensive ball.
- You try for his head, but he's hedgehogged round now, elbows beside his ears and you can't get him.
- I stayed hedgehogged in my ball, listening for movement and trying to ignore the cramp in my legs, the ache in my gut and — encore — the throbbing in my temples.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。