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Small, loose stones that people spread to make a surface you can walk or drive on — paths, drives, country roads, the edge of a garden. It is not one big rock, and it is not sand (sand is much finer). are the smoother stones you might pick up one by one; gravel is the mix you pour from a bag or a truck, and it crunches under your feet.
Small, loose stones小小的、鬆散的石頭 that people spread人們把它們鋪開 to make a surface you can walk or drive on做成可以走路或開車經過的路面 — paths, drives, country roads, the edge of a garden像小徑、車道、鄉間道路，或花園的邊緣. It is not one big rock它不是一整塊大石頭, and it is not sand也不是sand(沙子) (sand is much finer)(沙子細得多). Pebbles are the smoother stones you might pick up one by onePebbles(鵝卵石)是比較光滑、可以一顆顆撿起來的石頭; gravel is the mixgravel則是混在一起的石頭 you pour from a bag or a truck從袋子或卡車裡倒出來的那種, and it crunches under your feet踩上去會發出喀吱喀吱的聲音
Though actually, shops sell tidy, pale gravel for gardens, while a farm road’s gravel can be dusty and sharp — same idea, different look. Builders talk about grades of it, but everyday English just says gravel.
Though actually不過其實, shops sell tidy, pale gravel for gardens店裡賣的花園用gravel整齊又淺色, while a farm road’s gravel can be dusty and sharp而農路上的gravel可能又多灰塵又帶尖角 — same idea, different look概念一樣，樣子卻不同. Builders talk about grades of it工人會談它的等級, but everyday English just says gravel但日常英文就只說gravel
The same word is a verb: to gravel a path is to cover it with those stones.
The same word is a verb這個字也可以當動詞: to gravel a pathto gravel a path(把一條小徑鋪上碎石) is to cover it with those stones意思是用那些石頭把它鋪滿
Do not let the spelling pull you toward grave, the place you bury someone. That is a different word with a different history.
Do not let the spelling pull you toward grave別讓拼法把你拉去想到grave, the place you bury someone也就是埋葬人的地方. That is a different word那是完全不同的字 with a different history有不同的來歷
組成From Middle English gravel, from Old French gravele, a small form of grave meaning gravel or the seashore. That came from Medieval Latin grava, and further back from a Celtic word for pebbles; the very old root had to do with grinding. English also had græfa for coal, which people compare, but it is not a word you use now. This is not the family of grave (burial) or of gravity.
原始詞典資料14 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Gravelname
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A surname.
gravelnoun/ˈɡɹævəl/
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Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast.
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A type or grade of small rocks, differentiated by mineral type, size range, or other characteristics.
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geographygeologynatural-sciencesA particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.
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archaicKidney stones, or nephrolithiasis
- The great use of coffee in France is supposed to have abated the prevalency of the gravel, for where coffee is used as a constant beverage, the gravel and the gout are scarcely known.
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A lameness in the foot of a horse, usually caused by an abscess.
- The defendant below hired the horse to go from Cocksackie to Schodack, and the next day after his arrival at the latter place, the horse was found to be lame in one foot; and the lameness increasing, the defendant below was obliged to leave the horse there, and hire another with which to return. About four weeks after, the horse was brought home, and showed signs of gravel working out above the hoof.
- 'Looks like pus in the foot to me.' 'I'll bet you're right,' Farnon said. 'They call it gravel around here, by the way. What do you suggest we do about it?'
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rareInability to see at night; night blindness.
- A malady that was rare, but which because of its peculiarity elicited much comment, was "night blindness" or "gravel."
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cyclinghobbieslifestyleGravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike.
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slangThe stimulant drug alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone.
gravelverb/ˈɡɹævəl/
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To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc.
- We kept quietly on our way until we reached a place in the road that had been freshly graveled, and where the surface was covered with stones just suited to our use.
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To puzzle or annoy.
- The physician was so gravelled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say.
- When you were gravelled for lack of matter.
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To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to (cause to) be grounded in gravel or sand.
- 1605, William Camden, “Grave Speeches and wittie Apothegms of worthy Personages of this Realm in former times,” in Remaines Concerning Britain, London: Simon Miller, sixth impression, 1657, p. 243, William Conqerour when he invaded this Iland, chanced at his arrival to be gravelled, and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand, that he fell to the ground.
- the keeled gravelled on the beach
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obsoleteTo hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel or similar material lodged between the shoe and foot.
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archaicslangTo prostrate; to beat to the ground.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。