A geologist is a person whose work, or serious study, is geology: the rocks, the soil, and how the Earth has changed since it was formed.

A geologist地質學家 is a person是一個人，whose work, or serious study,他的工作或專門研究 is geology就是地質學：the rocks, the soil,也就是岩石、土壤，and how the Earth has changed since it was formed以及地球自形成以來如何變化。

They may walk hills with a hammer, read layers in a cliff like pages in a book, look for water, oil, or minerals, or warn people about earthquakes and landslides.

They他們 may walk hills with a hammer,可能拿著鐵鎚走遍山丘， like pages in a book就像讀書裡的內頁一樣 read layers in a cliff,閱讀懸崖裡的地層， look for water, oil, or minerals,尋找水、石油或礦物， or warn people about earthquakes and landslides或提醒大家注意地震和土石流。

In a university they are the “rock people,” not the “map and country people.” Though actually, in everyday talk people sometimes say geologist for anyone in boots looking at the ground, including engineers who only need the ground to be safe for a building.

In a university在大學裡 they are the "rock people,"他們是「石頭人」， not the "map and country people."不是「地圖和野外人」。Though actually, in everyday talk不過實際上，在日常說法裡， for anyone in boots looking at the ground,對任何穿靴子看地面的人， people sometimes say geologist大家有時候都會說是地質學家， including engineers包括工程師， who only need the ground to be safe for a building他們只是需要地面蓋房子時安全就好。

Strictly, a geologist is trained in that science. Please do not call a geographer a geologist — that mix-up is extremely common, in English and in Chinese.

Strictly,嚴格來說， a geologist is trained in that science地質學家是受過那門科學訓練的人。Please do not call請不要把 a geographer地理學家 a geologist叫成地質學家 — that mix-up is extremely common,這個混淆非常常見， in English and in Chinese在英文和中文裡都一樣。