Falsification is the act of changing numbers, papers, or records so they are no longer true — a cooked account book, a changed date, a “fixed” test score. The person is not merely wrong; they have made the information false on purpose.

Falsificationfalsification is the act of changing numbers, papers, or records so they are no longer true是把數字、文件或紀錄改到不再是真的的行為 — a cooked account book, a changed date, a “fixed” test score像是做假帳、改日期,或「動過手腳」的考試分數。 The person is not merely wrong這個人不只是弄錯而已; they have made the information false on purpose他們是故意把資訊弄成假的。

It is a formal word. Courts, newspapers, and offices use it.

It is a formal word這是一個正式用語。 Courts, newspapers, and offices法庭、報紙和辦公機構 use it都會使用這個字。

Though actually, scientists use the same noun in another way: the falsification of a theory is the showing that the theory cannot be right. That is not cheating. It is one name for how an idea is tested. Same spelling, very different feeling.

Though actually不過其實, scientists use the same noun in another way科學家會用同一個名詞來表達另一種意思: the falsification of a theory一個理論的falsification is the showing that the theory cannot be right是指證明這個理論不成立。 That is not cheating這不是作弊。 It is one name for how an idea is tested這是描述一個想法如何被檢驗的其中一種說法。 Same spelling拼法一樣, very different feeling感覺卻完全不同。

For most learners, the cheating-with-records sense is the one that matters first.

For most learners對大多數學習者來說, the cheating-with-records sense is the one that matters first「竄改紀錄」這個意思才是要先掌握的。