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Epistemology is the part of philosophy that asks: What counts as knowledge? How do we get it? When are we allowed to say “I know”?
Epistemology is the part of philosophy that asks: What counts as knowledge?epistemology是哲學裡問這些問題的部分：什麼才算是知識？How do we get it?我們是怎麼得到它的？When are we allowed to say 'I know'?我們什麼時候才能說「我知道」？
It is not the study of facts themselves — that might be history or science — but the study of knowing. A child who asks “But how do you know the earth is round?” is already in this neighbourhood.
It is not the study of facts themselves — that might be history or science它研究的不是事實本身——那可能是歷史或科學的範圍 but the study of knowing而是「知道」這件事本身。A child who asks 'But how do you know the earth is round?' is already in this neighbourhood一個問「你怎麼知道地球是圓的？」的小孩，其實已經站在這個領域裡了。
Though actually, the English word is not ancient. A Scottish philosopher, James Frederick Ferrier, put it together in the 1800s from Greek pieces meaning “knowledge” and “the study of”. Before that, people discussed the same questions with longer phrases.
Though actually, the English word is not ancient不過其實，這個英文字並不古老。A Scottish philosopher, James Frederick Ferrier, put it together in the 1800s一位蘇格蘭哲學家James Frederick Ferrier在19世紀把它組合出來 from Greek pieces meaning 'knowledge' and 'the study of'用的是希臘文裡意思是「知識」和「…學」的字根。Before that, people discussed the same questions with longer phrases在那之前，人們是用比較長的句子來討論同樣的問題。
It is a university word. In everyday English we just say “How do we know?”
It is a university word這是一個大學裡才會用的詞。In everyday English we just say 'How do we know?'在日常英文裡，我們就只會說「How do we know?」（我們是怎麼知道的？）
組成From Ancient Greek epistḗmē (“knowledge, science”) + -logía (“the study of”), from lógos (“speech, reason”). Brought into English by James Frederick Ferrier (1808–1864).
同家族的字
- epistemologicalthe adjective: epistemology + -ical
- epistemica shorter adjective from the same Greek ‘knowledge’ piece
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
epistemologynoun/ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒləd͡ʒi/
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The branch of philosophy dealing with the study of knowledge; the theory of knowledge, asking such questions as "What is knowledge?", "How is knowledge acquired?", "What do people know?", "How do we know what we know?", "How do we know it is true?", and so on.
- Some thinkers take the view that, beginning with the work of Descartes, epistemology began to replace metaphysics as the most important area of philosophy.
- [P]hilosophers of the time [early 20th century] were primarily concerned with epistemology and the foundations of the sciences; they often spoke as if we were separated from the real world by a screen of "representations" or "sense-data"; they tended to regard our approach to the world as one of disinterested observation.
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A particular instance, version, or school thereof; a particular theory of knowledge.
- In his epistemology, Plato maintains that our knowledge of universal concepts is a kind of recollection.
- I believe that 'intuitionism' is usually, and rightly, taken to mean Brouwer's epistemology of mathematics, which is unrelated to the origin or content of topos theory.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。