When something is encrusted, a hard layer has formed over it and stuck there. Picture a pan left too long: sugar burns and becomes a hard skin you have to scrape.

When something當某個東西 is encrusted是encrusted（結了硬殼）的狀態 a hard layer has formed over it表面已經形成一層硬殼 and stuck there而且黏在上面。 Picture a pan left too long想像一個放太久的鍋子 sugar burns and becomes a hard skin糖燒焦變成一層硬皮 you have to scrape你得用刮的才能弄掉。

The sea does this to rocks and boat bottoms with salt and tiny shells. Ice can do it to a window.

The sea does this to rocks and boat bottoms海水對岩石和船底也會這樣 with salt and tiny shells靠的是鹽分和小貝殼。 Ice冰 can do it to a window也能對窗戶做同樣的事。

Jewellers also use it: a crown encrusted with stones is so thick with them that they look like a hard covering of sparkle.

Jewellers also use it珠寶匠也會用這個字 a crown encrusted with stones鑲滿寶石的皇冠 is so thick with them寶石多到 that they look like a hard covering of sparkle看起來像一層閃亮的硬殼。

People stretch the word, too — an old idea can be encrusted with habit, meaning extra stuff has built up around it for years and is hard to chip off.

People stretch the word, too大家也會把這個字用得更廣 an old idea can be encrusted with habit一個舊觀念可以說被習慣包了一層殼 meaning extra stuff has built up around it for years意思是多年來已經有很多額外的東西堆積在它周圍 and is hard to chip off而且很難剝掉。

You meet it more in writing than in chat: cooking, nature, fancy objects, and that looser “built-up” sense. The verb behind it is encrust; encrusted is how we usually meet it, as a word that describes the thing after the hard layer is already there.

You meet it more in writing than in chat你比較常在文章裡看到這個字，而不是在聊天中 cooking, nature, fancy objects, and that looser "built-up" sense像是烹飪、大自然、精緻物品，還有那個比較鬆散的「堆積」意思。 The verb behind it is encrust背後的動詞是encrust encrusted is how we usually meet it我們通常遇到的是encrusted這個形式 as a word that describes the thing after the hard layer is already there用來形容硬殼已經形成之後的東西。