- 1實證的（如「實證研究」）
When we call something empirical, we mean nobody just sat in a chair and invented it. Someone looked, measured, tried, or lived through it, and the claim rests on that. Scientists use the word a lot: an empirical study gathers real facts — tests, numbers, interviews — and then says what showed up. The tidy opposite is “only in theory,” or “only in the mind.” Though actually, people stretch it. A newspaper may say empirical just because there is a chart, even when the chart is thin. In chemistry class you may also meet empirical formula: the simplest mix of atoms that the lab points to, not always the full true molecule. The word is quite formal. You would not tell a friend the soup was empirical. And it has nothing to do with an empire, even though it looks a little like that word.
From the word’s history
From empiric + -al.
由 empiric 加 -al 組成。
組成From Greek: en- (“in”) + peîra (“a try / a test”) → empeiría (“experience”), then an adjective ending (like English -ical). So the word is about knowing from trying.
同家族的字
- empiricallythe adverb: in an empirical way
- empiricismthe belief that you should rest ideas on experience and tests
- empiricista person who holds that belief
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
empiricaladj/ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/
- 1
Pertaining to or based on experience, as opposed to theory.
- The lengths were calculated according to the empirical rules of the trade.
- For some presumptive diagnoses, empirical antibiotic therapy begins immediately, whereas specific antibiotic therapy must await the results of the culture and sensitivity test.
- 2
Pertaining to, derived from, or testable by observations made using the physical senses or using instruments which extend the senses.
- 3
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesVerifiable by means of scientific experimentation.
- demonstrable with empirical evidence
empiricalnoun/ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/
- 1
A measurement or result achieved by empirical means.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。