- 1糖尿病
Diabetes is a serious illness where there is too much sugar in the blood. The body should move sugar out of the blood into the cells for energy; in diabetes that job goes wrong. There are two main kinds people mean. In type 1, the body stops making enough of the called insulin. In type 2, the body still makes it but does not use it well — this kind is more common, and it is the one tied to weight, age, and how we live. People with diabetes may feel thirsty, tired, and need to pee a lot; they may take medicine or insulin for life. Though actually, when someone says diabetes they almost always mean the sugar disease. There is a rarer old name for a water illness that looks similar on paper — you can ignore it unless a doctor is being very exact. The Greek name meant something like a siphon, because old doctors saw liquid passing through the body.
diabetes 是一種嚴重的疾病，血液裡的糖太多。正常情況下，身體會把血液中的糖送進細胞，當作能量，糖尿病就是這個機制出了問題。說到 diabetes，幾乎都是指這種血糖病。
常見的分兩種。第一型是身體不再製造足夠的胰島素；第二型是身體還會製造，但用得不好，比較常見，也跟體重、年紀和生活方式有關，就是「type 2 diabetes」。患者可能會口渴、疲倦、頻尿，很多人需要長期吃藥或打胰島素。
另外有一個較少見的舊名稱，指的是跟水有關的病，只有醫生講得很精確時才會用到，平常不用特別分辨。這個字源於希臘文，原意接近虹吸管，因為古時的醫生看到液體穿過身體。
From the word’s history
From Latin diabētēs 'siphon', from Greek diabḗtēs, from diabaínō 'to pass through'.
來自拉丁文 diabētēs「虹吸管」，源自希臘文「穿過」。
組成From Latin diabētēs, “siphon”, from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabḗtēs), from διαβαίνω (diabaínō), “to pass through”. Doctors pictured liquid running through the body like a siphon.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
diabetesnoun/ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/
- 1
medicinepathologysciencesDiabetes mellitus; any of a group of metabolic diseases whereby a person (or other animal) has high blood sugar due to an inability to produce, or inability to metabolize, sufficient quantities of the hormone insulin.
- In the UK, one in 10 people over 40 live with type 2 diabetes, while one in four have high blood pressure, a condition described as a “silent killer” because it increases the risk of heart attack and stroke but rarely causes symptoms beforehand.
- 2
slangAny food or beverage with a high amount of sugar.
- This milkshake is pure diabetes, as my friends and I agreed on as a joke when we first came to Black Tap.
- 3
Diabetes insipidus; any condition characterized by excessive or incontinent urine, now specifically as caused by impaired production of, or response to, the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin.
- A Sheeps or Goats bladder being burnt, and the ashes given inwardly, helps the Diabetes, or continuall pissing.
- The lady laboured under a Diabetes, in consequence of having used the waters injudiciously for another complaint; and, that she might not be an impediment to the carriage, by ordering it to halt,as often as she should have occasion to disembogue, she had provided herself with a leathern contrivance […].
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。