核心畫面

You can picture two things being yoked together into one pair, and then a whole set built out of such pairings. That picture sits under every use: the forms of one verb bundled into a single set, two cells joined for a moment, a number matched with its mirror partner.

可以想成一個畫面:兩樣東西被套在同一副軛下,綁成一對。綁在一起之後,它們就變成一整套、成雙成對的東西。文法上,一個動更多收起可以想成一個畫面:兩樣東西被套在同一副軛下,綁成一對。綁在一起之後,它們就變成一整套、成雙成對的東西。文法上,一個動詞的所有形式被綁成一束,那束就是它的 conjugation。生物學裡,兩個細胞真的靠過來接在一起。數學裡,一個數配上它的鏡像搭檔。三個地方講的事情差很多,可是那個「成套、成對」的畫面是同一個。

From the word’s history

English borrowed the word from Latin coniugatio, from coniugo, meaning to join or unite things together. The modern uses all keep some form of that joining.

這個字借自拉丁文 coniugātiō,來自動詞 coniugō「結合、把東西連在一起」。今天的各種用法都還留著「連在一起」的影子。

Wiktionary entry for conjugation, packet evidence source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:470523045

Three branches

文法:綁成一束的動詞形式

一個動詞散在各處的形式,被收攏綁成一套,這就是核心畫面最直接的延伸。

noun · B2

The way one particular verb changes its form to fit who is doing the action and when it happens, and the whole set of forms that this changing produces.

動詞變化

生物:兩個細胞暫時接在一起

這一支保留了最字面的「連在一起」,不是比喻,是真的兩個東西接上。

noun · C1

In biology: two living things, often two single cells, joining together for a short time so that genetic material can pass from one into the other.

接合作用

數學:配成一對的搭檔

這一支取的是核心畫面裡「成雙」的部分:一個東西總是配著另一個。

noun · C1

In maths: the operation that pairs a number with its mirror partner by changing the sign of the part that is not an ordinary number, so that 3 + 4i becomes 3 − 4i.

共軛

原始詞典資料10 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

conjugationnoun/ˌkɒnd͡ʒəˈɡeɪʃən/

  • 1

    The coming together of things; a union.

  • 2

    biologynatural-sciencesThe temporary fusion of organisms, especially as part of sexual reproduction.

  • 3

    lawSexual relations within marriage.

  • 4

    grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsIn some languages, one of several classifications of verbs categorized into distinct classes based on the specific inflectional patterns they exhibit.

    • In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation / I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes[…]
  • 5

    grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsThe act or process of conjugating a verb.

  • 6

    grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsThe product of that act: the conjugated forms of a verb, collected into a list or recitation.

    • Meronym: principal parts
  • 7

    grammarhuman-scienceslinguisticsThe inflection of nouns or other words besides verbs; a declension.

    • Nouns ending in a vowel other than a, which do not conform to any phonological pattern of noun conjugation, do not decline.
  • 8

    chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesA system of delocalized orbitals consisting of alternating single bonds and double bonds.

另外 2 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    mathematicssciencesA mapping sending x to gxg⁻¹, where g and x are elements of a group; an inner automorphism.

  • 10

    mathematicssciencesA function which negates the non-real part of a complex or hypercomplex number; a complex conjugation.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。