Cervical is a medical word with two related meanings, both from the same root idea of "neck." Most commonly today, it describes the cervix — the narrow lower part of the uterus (womb) in a woman's body; you'll see it in phrases like "cervical cancer" or "cervical screening," a test doctors use to check for early signs of that cancer. It can also describe the neck itself, as in "cervical spine," meaning the bones of the neck, the top part of the backbone.