1. 1審查制度、言論審查。台灣常說「新聞審查」「言論審查」,中國大陸的語境裡則常聽到「和諧掉了」「被消音」這類說法。動詞 censor 是「審查、刪掉」。

    The practice of examining books, films, news, letters or online posts and removing or blocking the parts that someone in power does not want people to see. It covers both the act and the whole system: a government department, a set of rules, an habit of silence. Two things are worth noticing. First, English speakers stretch the word — a company deleting complaints from its own page gets called censorship by angry customers, even though no government is involved, and people argue about whether that counts. Second, it is not always about : film ratings, cutting swear words out of TV, a parent deciding what a child may read — all get called censorship, sometimes seriously and sometimes as a joke. The word is nearly always used by the person who objects; the people doing it prefer words like "guidance", "review", or "protecting the public". A related idea is self-censorship, when nobody stops you but you stop yourself because you know what would happen.

From the word’s history

From censor + -ship.

由 censor「審查員」加 -ship 組成。

Wiktionary

組成censor(審查者/審查)+ -ship(字尾,表示「身分、狀態或制度」,像 friendship 友誼、leadership 領導)。censor 這個字來自拉丁文 censor,古羅馬的監察官。

同家族的字

  • censorthe root word — the person who cuts, or the act of cutting
  • friendshipsame -ship ending: the state or condition of being something
  • leadershipalso -ship — the position and its whole practice

原始詞典資料2 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

censorshipnoun/ˈsɛnsəʃɪp/

  • 1

    The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.

    • […] such a curious thing — it is the only thing left of the old censorship of the press."
    • During the war, but unrecorded because of the requirements of censorship, a link with the now partly-abandoned Cardiff Railway disappeared with the demolition of Rhydyfelin Viaduct, near Treforest, South Wales, in the latter part of 1942. The steelwork in this structure, amounting to nearly 1,150 tons, was salvaged as scrap metal to assist the war effort.
  • 2

    historicalThe role of the censor (magistrate) in Ancient Rome.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。