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Cauliflower is a vegetable with green leaves around a firm white centre. You eat that white head; it is really a tight bunch of flower buds that never opened. It belongs with cabbage and broccoli. People boil it, roast it, mash it, or cut it small as a stand-in for rice. The word is just the plant's name — not fancy, not slang. Though actually, boxers and wrestlers also talk about a cauliflower ear: a swollen ear that ends up looking like this vegetable.
花椰菜（台灣說法，多半指白色那顆；綠色那種多半叫青花菜。中國大陸常說菜花）
組成From 16th-century cole-florye: cole (the old name for cabbage-family plants, from Latin caulis, "stem") + flower. Later the spelling was changed to sit closer to the Latin. By the look of the modern word: caul(is) + -i- + flower. French chou-fleur and Italian cavolfiore are built the same way.
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
cauliflowernoun/ˈkɒl.i.flaʊ.ə/
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Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, an annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable.
- ASPARAGUS, cauliflowers, imperial Sileſia, royal and cabbage lettuces, burnet, purſlain, cucumbers, naſturtian flowers, peaſe and beans ſown in October, artichokes, ſcarlet ſtrawberries, and kidney beans.
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The edible head or curd of a cauliflower plant.
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The swelling of a cauliflower ear.
- His ears were small (fortunately so, given his dramatic hairstyle) and bore no traditional cauliflowers.
cauliflowerverb/ˈkɒl.i.flaʊ.ə/
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To (cause to) swell up like a cauliflower ear.
- I noticed his right ear was badly cauliflowered and that explained a number of things. It wasn't a new job of cauliflowering.
- Returning to your first point, the cauliflowering of magnesite bricks — we presume that this is due to your using high concentrations of oxygen for blowing the furnace, giving high checker-temperatures.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。