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In Marxist thinking, the bourgeoisie are the people who own the big tools of making money — factories, companies, land, machines — and who live from that owning, as against the workers who sell their time. The word is borrowed whole from French. It names a class, not one person’s job title: we say the bourgeoisie.
In Marxist thinking在馬克思主義的想法裡, the bourgeoisie are the people who own the big tools of making moneybourgeoisie指的是擁有那些賺錢的大工具的人—— factories, companies, land, machines像是工廠、公司、土地、機器—— and who live from that owning而且是靠擁有這些東西過活, as against the workers who sell their time相對於出賣自己時間的勞工。The word is borrowed whole from French這個字整個是從法文借來的。It names a class, not one person's job title它指的是一個階級,不是某個人的職稱: we say the bourgeoisie所以會說the bourgeoisie。
Though actually, everyday English is messier. The related word bourgeois is often used more loosely, even with a little , for a comfortable, conventional, middle-class taste — nice house, safe opinions — without the full theory. The noun bourgeoisie itself still belongs more to history, , and sociology than to ordinary chat.
Though actually不過其實, everyday English is messier日常英文用起來更亂一點。The related word bourgeois is often used more loosely相關的字bourgeois常常用得比較鬆散, even with a little sniff甚至帶點輕視的口氣, for a comfortable, conventional, middle-class taste用來形容一種舒適、傳統的中產階級品味—— nice house, safe opinions像是好房子、四平八穩的意見—— without the full theory而不帶完整的理論意涵。The noun bourgeoisie itself still belongs more to history, politics, and sociology名詞bourgeoisie本身還是比較屬於歷史、政治和社會學, than to ordinary chat而不是日常聊天會用的字。
One person of that class is a bourgeois, not a bourgeoisie.
One person of that class那個階級裡的一個人, is a bourgeois是a bourgeois, not a bourgeoisie而不是a bourgeoisie。
組成Taken as-is from French bourgeoisie, from bourgeois: originally the wealthier townspeople (burghers) in the Third Estate, not farmers and not nobles.
同家族的字
- bourgeoisthe French adjective and the word for one person of that class; English borrowed both
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
bourgeoisienoun/ˌbʊə(ɹ)ʒwɑːˈziː/
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historicalA class of citizens who were wealthier members of the third estate.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:bourgeoisie.
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The capitalist class.
- The Pharisees of the bourgeoisie love the saying: de mortuis aut bene aut nihil (speak none ill of the dead). The proletariat needs the truth both about living politicians and about the dead for those who truly merit the name of politician do not die for politics when their physical demise comes.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:bourgeoisie.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。