核心畫面

One picture holds this word: a low seat resting on two pairs of short metal blades, sliding down a chute of ice with nothing pushing it but gravity. Everything else the word means is either that object, the racing built around it, or the act of getting in and riding it.

這個字可以想成一個畫面:一台很低的車,底下裝著兩對短短的金屬滑刀,沿著一條冰做的滑道往下衝,推它的只有重力。其他意思更多收起這個字可以想成一個畫面:一台很低的車,底下裝著兩對短短的金屬滑刀,沿著一條冰做的滑道往下衝,推它的只有重力。其他意思都繞著這個畫面轉——那台車本身、用它來比時間的那項運動,還有「坐上去滑一趟」這個動作。

From the word’s history

The name is bob + sleigh: a sleigh whose runners are two short bobs rather than one long blade running the whole length. It is attested as bob-sled from 1839, long before the sport existed, so the blades in the core picture are literally written into the name.

名字本身就是 bob 加 sleigh。sleigh 是雪橇,bob 指的是底下那組短滑刀——一般雪橇的滑刀一路通到底,這種車卻用兩組短的。1839 年就有 bob-sled 這個寫法,比這項運動還早。所以核心畫面裡最關鍵的那組滑刀,字面上就寫在名字裡了。

Wiktionary entry 'bobsleigh', etymology_text supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1150859605)

Two branches

那台車

這一支就是核心畫面本身,沒有任何引申。

noun · B2

A small racing vehicle that has two pairs of long thin metal blades underneath instead of wheels, so that it slides. A team rides in it down a special track made of ice.

雪車

那項運動,以及坐上去這個動作

先有車,後來才有比賽。英文常把器材的名字直接拿來當運動的名字,這一支就是這樣長出來的。

noun · B2

The winter sport in which teams race bobsleighs down an icy track and the fastest time wins; also one race or event in that sport.

雪車運動