Aristotle (384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and scientist — a man who tried to explain the world by looking carefully and then thinking hard.

Aristotle (384–322 BC)Aristotle（西元前384年到前322年） was a Greek philosopher and scientist是一位希臘哲學家兼科學家 a man who tried to explain the world by looking carefully and then thinking hard是一個想靠仔細觀察、再認真思考來解釋這個世界的人

He was a student of Plato, and later he taught Alexander the Great. His works cover science, politics, morality, and literature.

He was a student of Plato他是Plato（柏拉圖）的學生 and later he taught Alexander the Great後來他教過Alexander the Great（亞歷山大大帝） his works cover science, politics, morality, and literature他的著作涵蓋科學、政治、道德，還有文學

Western schools leaned on him for a very long time; for hundreds of years, “what Aristotle said” was treated almost like a rule.

Western schools leaned on him for a very long time西方的學校長期以來都很仰賴他的理論 for hundreds of years, "what Aristotle said" was treated almost like a rule好幾百年來，「Aristotle說的話」幾乎被當成規則一樣看待

Though actually, some of his science is wrong by today's lights — he did not have today's tools — but the habit of asking “what kind of thing is this?” and “what is it for?” still shapes how people argue.

Though actually不過其實 some of his science is wrong by today's lights依照現在的標準來看，他有些科學觀點是錯的 he did not have today's tools他當時沒有現代的工具 but the habit of asking "what kind of thing is this?" and "what is it for?" still shapes how people argue但問「這是什麼樣的東西？」和「它是為了什麼？」這種思考習慣，至今仍影響著人們論證的方式

In English, Aristotle is a name, so we capitalise it.

In English, Aristotle is a name在英文裡，Aristotle是一個人名 so we capitalise it所以要大寫