On a page, “above” can mean “higher up” — the lines you already passed. Above-mentioned is a stiff, paper word for “the person, place, or thing I already named higher on this page, or on a page before this.” Contracts, school notices, and official letters love it: “the above-mentioned student,” “the above-mentioned rules.” You almost never hear it in speech.

On a page在一頁紙上， “above” can mean可以指 “higher up”「比較上面」—— the lines you already passed你已經讀過去的那幾行。 Above-mentioned is a stiff, paper word是個僵硬的、紙上的字， for意思是 “the person, place, or thing I already named higher on this page, or on a page before this.”「我在這一頁的上面、或前面某一頁已經提過的人、地方或東西」。 Contracts, school notices, and official letters合約、學校通知和公文 love it最愛它： “the above-mentioned student,”上述學生、 “the above-mentioned rules.”上述規定。 You almost never hear it你幾乎不會聽到它 in speech出現在口語裡。

A person talking would say “the one I just named” or “that company I told you about.” Even in writing, many people now just say “above” (“see above”). Use above-mentioned when the document is formal and you must point back clearly; skip it in a message to a friend, where it sounds as if you swallowed a government form.

A person talking說話的人 would say會說 “the one I just named”我剛剛講的那個 or “that company I told you about.”或我跟你提過的那家公司。 Even in writing就連在書面上， many people now很多人現在 just say也只寫 “above” (“see above”見上文)。 when the document is formal當文件很正式、 and you must point back clearly你又必須清楚指回前文時， Use above-mentioned再用 above-mentioned； in a message to a friend在給朋友的訊息裡 skip it就別用了， where it sounds as if不然聽起來就像 you swallowed a government form你把一張公文表格吞下了肚。