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A yurt is a round tent used by nomads in Central Asia — in , Kazakhstan, and nearby. Nomads are people who move from place to place with their animals instead of living in one fixed home, so their house has to travel too.
A yurt is a round tentyurt(蒙古包)是一種圓形帳篷, used by nomads in Central Asia中亞遊牧民族在用的, — in Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and nearby——在蒙古、哈薩克、吉爾吉斯和周邊地區。 Nomads are people who move from place to place with their animals遊牧民族是那種帶著牲畜四處遷移的人, instead of living in one fixed home而不是定居在一個固定的家, so their house has to travel too所以他們的房子也得跟著移動。
A yurt is built for exactly that: a light wooden lattice frame that folds like a concertina, long rising to a wheel at the top, and thick felt made from sheep's wool wrapped around the outside. A family can take it down in an hour, load it onto animals or a truck, and put it up again somewhere else.
A yurt is built for exactly that蒙古包就是為此而設計的: a light wooden lattice frame that folds like a concertina一個能像手風琴那樣摺疊的輕木格柵骨架、 long poles rising to a wheel at the top往上聚成一個頂輪的長木桿、 and thick felt made from sheep's wool wrapped around the outside還有用羊毛做成、厚厚包在外面的毛氈。 A family can take it down in an hour一家人可以在一小時內把它拆下來, load it onto animals or a truck裝上牲口或卡車, and put it up again somewhere else再到別的地方重新搭起來。
Inside there is a stove in the middle with a chimney going out through the roof opening, and it is genuinely warm in a hard winter.
Inside there is a stove in the middle裡面中央有一個爐子, with a chimney going out through the roof opening煙囪從屋頂開口伸出去, and it is genuinely warm in a hard winter即使在嚴寒的冬天裡也真的很溫暖。
One thing to know before you use the word with people from the region: in the local word is ger, and many prefer it, because "yurt" reached English through Russian rather than from them.
One thing to know before you use the word with people from the region在跟當地人使用這個字之前,有件事要知道: in Mongolia the local word is ger在蒙古,當地的說法是ger, and many Mongolians prefer it很多蒙古人比較喜歡這個詞, because "yurt" reached English through Russian rather than from them因為「yurt」是經過俄文才傳進英文的,不是直接來自他們自己。
The word has a second life now. In Britain, America, and Taiwan too, yurt has become a holiday word — and resorts put up yurt-shaped tents with real beds inside and rent them to city people for the weekend.
The word has a second life now這個字現在有了第二種生命。 In Britain, America, and Taiwan too, yurt has become a holiday word在英國、美國,甚至台灣,yurt也變成了一個度假用詞—— campsites and glamping resorts put up yurt-shaped tents with real beds inside露營區和豪華露營度假村會搭起yurt造型、裡面放真正的床的帳篷, and rent them to city people for the weekend租給城市人週末去住。
So in a modern English sentence, "we stayed in a yurt" almost never means a family's home; it means a nice weekend in the countryside. Both meanings are alive, and the context tells you which.
So in a modern English sentence, "we stayed in a yurt"所以在現代英文句子裡,「we stayed in a yurt(我們住在一個yurt裡)」 almost never means a Mongolian family's home幾乎從來不是指蒙古人家的家, it means a nice weekend in the countryside而是指一個在鄉間度過的美好週末。 Both meanings are alive兩種意思都還在使用, and the context tells you which要靠上下文才知道是哪一種。
組成Borrowed into English from French yourte or German Jurte, which took it from Russian юрта (júrta). The Russian came from a Turkic language, going back to Proto-Turkic *yūrt — which meant "dwelling place," and in some uses "one's native land." So the root idea is not "tent" but "the place where you live."
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
yurtnoun詞源 1/jɜːt/
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A large, round, semi-permanent tent with vertical walls and a conical roof, usually associated with Central Asia and Mongolia (where it is known as a ger).
- [T]heir [the Nogais'] cattle grazed on the Little Injik, only seven versts from the boundary line. In summer they kept them in the Black Mountains, and in winter at their auls. They lived in felt yurts, and often changed their place of abode.
- Gervasius and Borodijin rode on to reconnoitre. As my caravan entered the strip of pasture fringing the shore I saw my people in conversation with Sarts by a yurt at the north-east corner of the lake. They soon returned with the information that the whole neighbourhood, which included Kala Otlak and Bulag Bashi, was known as Dakherukta. There was no tura, but two or three miles off to the west there lived a wealthy Sart who was at the moment away from home attending a wedding at some friends of his. The festivities were taking place on the farther side of the northern mountains.
yurtnoun詞源 2/jɜːt/
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historicalThe natural resources and arable land over which a Cossack stanitsa had exclusive control in their territory.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。