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Wizened describes something — usually a person, a face, or a piece of fruit — that has dried out and shrunk with age, so the skin has gone thin and covered in deep lines. The picture behind the word is a grape turning into a : the water leaves, the size drops, the surface folds. It is not just "old" and it is not just "". A person can be very old with a smooth full face, and that face is not wizened. Wizened needs the shrinking as well: the cheeks fallen in, the hands small and bony, the whole person somehow smaller than they used to be. This is a book word, not a talking word. You will meet it in stories much more often than you will hear it in a shop or an office, and it usually comes right before a noun — a wizened old man, a wizened face, a wizened little apple at the back of the fridge. In writing it often carries a small warm feeling as well: the wizened old woman in a story is often the one who knows things. But it can also sound if you say it about a real person to their face, because you are pointing at their body drying up. Teachers, though, should know it works on plants too: leaves and fruit that lose water go wizened, and there is a verb wizen for that drying-and-shrinking, though almost nobody uses the verb any more. The adjective is what survived.
乾癟的、皺縮的(像葡萄乾那樣,又乾又縮、滿是皺紋)
組成From an old English verb wisnian, "to dry up, to shrivel", plus the -ed ending that turns a verb into a describing word. So a wizened face is literally a "dried-up" face. The old verb has almost disappeared from modern English; only this -ed form is still in normal use.
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
wizenedadj/ˈwɪzənd/
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Withered; lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness.
- "Ill-fard, crazy, crack-brained gowk, that she is!" exclaimed the housekeeper. . . "If it hadna been that I am mair than half a gentlewoman by my station, I wad hae tried my ten nails in the wizen'd hide o' her!"
- He was old, too, wizened with age, and the hair on his face was gray.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。