Warsaw is the capital city of Poland, in central Europe. It sits on the Vistula River, and it is Poland's biggest city and its centre for government, business, and universities. Like all city names, it takes a capital letter W and no "the".

Warsaw is the capital city of PolandWarsaw是波蘭的首都, in central Europe位於中歐。It sits on the Vistula River它坐落在維斯瓦河畔, and it is Poland's biggest city而且是波蘭最大的城市 and its centre for government, business, and universities也是政府、商業和大學的中心。Like all city names, it takes a capital letter W and no 'the'跟所有城市名稱一樣，W要大寫，前面也不加「the」。

One thing about Warsaw comes up again and again, so it is worth knowing. In World War II the city was almost completely destroyed — the fighting and then deliberate destruction flattened most of it. After the war, people rebuilt the old centre street by street, copying old paintings and photographs to get the buildings right. So the "Old Town" you see today looks hundreds of years old but was mostly built in the 1950s. Because of this it is often used as an example when people talk about a city coming back to life after a disaster.

One thing about Warsaw comes up again and again有一件關於Warsaw的事一再被提起, so it is worth knowing所以值得知道。In World War II the city was almost completely destroyed在二次大戰中，這座城市幾乎被完全摧毀 — the fighting and then deliberate destruction flattened most of it先是戰鬥，接著是刻意的破壞，把大部分地方都夷平了。After the war, people rebuilt the old centre street by street戰後，人們一條街一條街地重建舊城中心, copying old paintings and photographs to get the buildings right照著老畫作和照片，把建築物重建得準確。So the 'Old Town' you see today looks hundreds of years old所以你今天看到的「Old Town」（舊城區）看起來有好幾百年歷史 but was mostly built in the 1950s但其實大部分是1950年代蓋的。Because of this it is often used as an example因為這樣，它常常被拿來當例子 when people talk about a city coming back to life after a disaster用來說明一座城市在災難後重新活過來。

You may also meet Warsaw in a few fixed phrases from history. The "Warsaw Pact" was the military group of communist countries in Europe from 1955 to 1991, the other side to NATO. Older news writing sometimes said "Warsaw" to mean the Polish government, the way "Washington" can mean the American government.

You may also meet Warsaw in a few fixed phrases from history你也可能在幾個歷史上的固定用語裡遇到Warsaw。The 'Warsaw Pact' was the military group of communist countries in Europe from 1955 to 1991「Warsaw Pact」（華沙公約）是1955年到1991年歐洲共產國家的軍事集團, the other side to NATO是跟NATO（北約）對立的一方。Older news writing sometimes said 'Warsaw' to mean the Polish government比較舊的新聞寫法有時候會用「Warsaw」來指波蘭政府, the way 'Washington' can mean the American government就像「Washington」可以指美國政府一樣。

Poles themselves call the city Warszawa. "Warsaw" is just the English spelling and sounds nothing like the Polish one.

Poles themselves call the city Warszawa波蘭人自己把這座城市叫做Warszawa。'Warsaw' is just the English spelling「Warsaw」只是英文的拼法 and sounds nothing like the Polish one，唸起來跟波蘭文的完全不一樣。