Vilnius is the capital city of Lithuania, a small country in northern Europe on the east side of the Baltic Sea. It is Lithuania's largest city, with roughly half a million people, and it is where the government sits.

Vilnius is the capital city of LithuaniaVilnius是立陶宛的首都 a small country in northern Europe on the east side of the Baltic Sea立陶宛是北歐波羅的海東側的一個小國 It is Lithuania's largest city它是立陶宛最大的城市 with roughly half a million people人口大約五十萬 and it is where the government sits也是政府所在地

Its old centre is famous — narrow streets, many churches, a lot of it built four or five hundred years ago and still standing — and it is on the UNESCO World Heritage list.

Its old centre is famous它的舊城區很有名 narrow streets, many churches, a lot of it built four or five hundred years ago and still standing窄窄的街道、許多教堂，很多建築是四五百年前蓋的，到現在還保留著 and it is on the UNESCO World Heritage list而且被列入UNESCO世界遺產名單

The city has a long and complicated history: it was the heart of a large medieval state, later ruled from Poland and then from Russia, and for most of the last century it was inside the Soviet Union. Lithuania became independent again in 1990, and since 2004 it has been in the European Union.

The city has a long and complicated history這座城市有一段又長又複雜的歷史 it was the heart of a large medieval state它曾經是一個中世紀大國的核心 later ruled from Poland and then from Russia後來先後被波蘭、俄羅斯統治 and for most of the last century it was inside the Soviet Union上個世紀大部分時間都在蘇聯境內 Lithuania became independent again in 1990立陶宛在1990年重新獨立 and since 2004 it has been in the European Union2004年起加入歐盟

In English we say it roughly VIL-nee-us. Because it is a place name, it is always written with a capital V, and it takes no "the" — you go to Vilnius, not to the Vilnius.

In English we say it roughly VIL-nee-us英文裡大概唸成VIL-nee-us Because it is a place name因為它是地名 it is always written with a capital V一定要大寫V開頭 and it takes no "the"而且前面不加「the」 you go to Vilnius, not to the Vilnius你會說go to Vilnius，不會說go to the Vilnius

One useful thing for a student: place names like this often keep the spelling of the local language, which is why the ending -ius looks unusual to English eyes. English did not invent this word; it borrowed it whole.

One useful thing for a student對學生有個小提醒 place names like this often keep the spelling of the local language像這樣的地名常常保留當地語言的拼法 which is why the ending -ius looks unusual to English eyes這就是為什麼字尾-ius在英文使用者眼中看起來有點特別 English did not invent this word英文並不是自己造出這個字 it borrowed it whole而是整個借過來的