1. 1粗俗、沒教養、舉止粗魯。台灣會說「很粗魯」「沒家教」「上不了檯面」。注意這個詞帶著階級的眼光,是在嫌對方不夠有教養,不只是嫌他沒禮貌。

    Describing a person, or the way they behave and speak, as rough and lacking manners — loud where quiet is expected, crude, , not knowing which fork to use or which joke not to tell. Talking with your mouth full, spitting on the floor, shouting a private question across a room: uncouth. The word carries a strong flavour that you should notice, because it is not really about kindness. It is about polish. An uncouth person may be perfectly good-hearted; the speaker is saying they were not brought up properly, that they do not know how refined people behave. So the word says as much about the person using it as the person described — it looks down from above. It can sound snobbish, and sometimes it points at class or at country people, which is worth being careful about. It is somewhat formal and a little old-fashioned; today it often appears half-joking, one friend teasing another. Real complaints in modern speech are more likely 'rude', 'gross', or 'he has no manners'. The history is lovely and worth knowing. In Old English uncūþ simply meant 'unknown, unfamiliar, strange'. The meaning drifted: strange → foreign in manner → awkward → badly mannered. What was once 'we don't know him' became 'he doesn't know how to behave'.

組成un- ('not') + couth, from Old English cūþ, 'known, familiar' — a past participle related to cunnan, 'to know', the ancestor of modern 'can' and 'cunning'. So uncouth was literally 'unknown, unfamiliar'. Fun detail: 'couth' died out for centuries and was then invented again as a joke, a back-formation meaning 'well-mannered', which is why it still sounds playful. A second oddity: by the usual sound changes the middle vowel should have become the 'ow' of 'mouth', but the modern pronunciation is /ʌnˈkuːθ/, 'un-KOOTH' — most likely a northern English pronunciation that won out.

同家族的字

  • couththe base, revived as a joking opposite
  • canfrom Old English cunnan 'to know', the same root as cūþ
  • cunningsame cunnan 'to know' root — originally 'knowing, skilled'
  • unknownsame un- 'not', and the original meaning of uncouth

原始詞典資料3 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,摘錄並精簡格式,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

uncouthadj/ʌnˈkuːθ/

  • 1

    archaicUnfamiliar, strange, foreign.

    • If this uncouth forest yield anything savage, I will either be food for it or bring it for food to thee.
    • The trouble of thy thoughts this night in sleep Affects me equally; nor can I like This uncouth' dream, of evil sprung I fear […]
  • 2

    Clumsy, awkward.

  • 3

    Unrefined, crude.

    • I don't want to associate with uncouth people.
    • Harsh words, though pertinent, uncouth appear: / None please the fancy, who offend the ear.

摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary,已精簡格式;依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用,改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。