- 1動盪、混亂不安（政局、市場的動盪；也指內心的翻騰、心亂如麻）。
Turmoil is a state of great confusion and trouble, where nothing is settled and things keep changing in a worrying way. It works in two directions. Outside a person: a country, a market, a company can be in turmoil — governments falling, prices jumping, nobody knowing what will happen next. Inside a person: your mind or your feelings can be in turmoil, meaning you are churning with worry, unable to decide, pulled in different directions. "Emotional turmoil" and "inner turmoil" are the two phrases you will meet most often for that inner sense. It is an uncountable noun, so "a lot of turmoil", not "a turmoil" or "turmoils". By far the most common pattern is "in turmoil": the region is in turmoil, her mind was in turmoil, the markets were thrown into turmoil. Learn that phrase and you have most of the word. The feel of it is somewhat formal — it is a news and writing word rather than something you say to a friend. Talking to a friend you would say "everything's a mess" or "I'm all over the place". Turmoil is stronger and more serious than confusion: confusion is not understanding, turmoil is everything being violently . It is close to chaos, but chaos is more about disorder, and turmoil carries more distress in it.
組成Honestly unknown. It appears in English around 1526 and nobody has traced it convincingly. One suggestion is Old French tremouille, the hopper of a mill — the funnel that shakes grain down into the grinding stones — which would be a lovely image for constant shaking and churning, but it is only a guess, so do not repeat it as fact.
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
turmoilnoun/ˈtɜːmɔɪl/
- 1
A state of great disorder or uncertainty.
- Oleg Blokhin's side lost the talismanic Andriy Shevchenko to the substitutes' bench because of a knee injury but still showed enough to put England through real turmoil in spells.
- The Taoists developed their philosophy during an extended era of turmoil known as the Warring States period of Chinese history.
- 2
Harassing labor; trouble; disturbance.
- And there I'll rest, as after much turmoil, / A blessed soul doth in Elysium.
- The turmoil went on—no rest, no peace. […] It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the little fair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.
turmoilverb/ˈtɜːmɔɪl/
- 1
obsoleteTo be disquieted or confused; to be in commotion.
- some notable sophister lies sweating and turmoiling under the inevitable and merciless delimmas of Socrates
- 2
obsoleteTo harass with commotion; to disquiet; to worry.
- It is her fatal misfortune […] to be thus miserably tossed and turmoiled with these storms of affliction.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。