- 1表土、表層土壤
The top layer of earth — the dark, soft, rich soil at the surface where plants put their roots and where almost all the food and life in the ground is. Dig down maybe fifteen to thirty and you pass through it; below it is , which is paler, harder and much poorer for growing things. It is an uncountable noun, so you say "a lot of topsoil", "some topsoil", never "a topsoil" or "two topsoils". You will meet it most in gardening ("I bought three bags of topsoil"), in farming, and in news about the environment, because topsoil takes hundreds of years for nature to make and can be washed or blown away in a single storm — that loss is called erosion, and it is one of the quiet big problems in the world. This is a plain everyday word for and a serious technical word for scientists at the same time, and it does not change its shape between the two.
組成top（上面的、頂層的）+ soil（土壤）. A completely transparent compound: the soil at the top. Its opposite, subsoil, is built the same way with sub- (下面的).
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
topsoilnoun
- 1
agriculturebusinesshorticultureThe upper layer of soil, typically most fertile and in which it is the easiest to start new plants.
- Little grew on the farm, after the floods from the hurricane washed away the topsoil.
- Without urgent action, the majority of the Earth’s topsoil could be severely degraded or lost before the end of this century. In China, topsoil is being lost fifty-seven times faster than this natural replacement process; in Europe seventeen times faster.
topsoilverb
- 1
To remove the topsoil from.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。