- 1冰斗湖、山中小湖（英格蘭北部湖區的用語）
A tarn is a small mountain lake — a still pool of water sitting high up in the hills, usually in a hollow scooped out by an ancient glacier, fed by rain and snow rather than by a river running in. They are typically dark, very cold, and quiet. The word belongs strongly to the north of England, especially the Lake District, where dozens of them have 'Tarn' in the name, and to walkers and who go there. It is not a word most English speakers use for a lake near their own home; it is regional and slightly literary, and poets like it for the loneliness it suggests. If a student sees 'tarn' in a text, the writer is almost always painting a picture of high wild empty country, not just naming a body of water.
組成From Middle English 'terne', from Old Norse 'tjǫrn', a small lake with no streams running into it — the Vikings settled the north of England, which is why the word survives mainly there. Related words are still alive in the Nordic languages: Icelandic 'tjörn', Norwegian 'tjern', Swedish 'tjärn'.
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Tarnname
- 1
A department of Occitania, France. Capital and largest city: Albi (INSEE code 81).
- 2
A right tributary of the Garonne in southwestern France, flowing through the departments of Lozère, Aveyron, Tarn, Haute-Garonne and Tarn-et-Garonne.
tarnnoun/tɑːn/
- 1
A small mountain lake, especially in Northern England.
- Thou Wind, that ravest without, / Bare craig, or mountain-tairn, or blasted tree, / Or pine-grove whither woodman never clomb, / Or lonely house, long held the witches' home, / Methinks were fitter instruments for thee, / Mad Lutanist! [footnote: Tairn is a small lake, generally if not always applied to the lakes up in the mountains, and which are the feeders of those in the valleys.[…]]
- It was possible, I reflected, that a mere different arrangement of the particulars of the scene [of the House of Usher], of the details of the picture, would be sufficient to modify, or perhaps to annihilate its capacity for sorrowful impression; and, acting upon this idea, I reined my horse to the precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled lustre by the dwelling, and gazed down—but with a shudder even more thrilling than before—upon the re-modelled and inverted images of the gray sedge, and the ghastly tree-stems, and the vacant and eye-like windows.
- 2
One of many small mountain lakes or ponds.
- It [the caribou] makes a fine, bold study on the foreground of an evening scene among the mountain tarns of Northern Idaho, as it fulfils the ideal description of the stag given by [Walter] Scott and other writers.
- Have you ever been swimming in glacial water – water turned milky blue or deep maroon by minerals and deposits seized by the glacier as it ponderously made its way across a continent? You would have been high atop a mountain, maybe in the Canadian Rockies or in Montana, where glaciers, now in retreat, still press down on the earth's crust. And it would have been in the summer – late August perhaps – the sun warm and still and bright, making you feel as if a dip in this remote glacial tarn is just what your tired body needs at this point in your day.
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。