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A superstition is a belief that some thing, number, day or action brings good luck or bad luck, or can make something happen, when there is no real reason why it would. Walking under a ladder, breaking a mirror, the number four, seeing a black cat, not sticking your upright in rice — each culture has its own set. The word can be countable ('an old superstition', 'lots of superstitions') or uncountable ('superstition still shapes what day people choose to marry').
A superstition迷信 is a belief指的是一種相信 that some thing, number, day or action某個東西、數字、日子或動作 brings good luck or bad luck會帶來好運或壞運,or can make something happen或會讓某件事發生,when there is no real reason why it would而其實根本沒有道理支持它。Walking under a ladder走過梯子下面、breaking a mirror打破鏡子、the number four數字四、seeing a black cat看到黑貓、not sticking your chopsticks upright in rice不把筷子直插在飯裡——each culture每個文化 has its own set都有自己的一套。The word這個字 can be countable可以是可數的('an old superstition'像「一個古老的迷信」、'lots of superstitions'「很多迷信」) or uncountable也可以是不可數的('superstition still shapes what day people choose to marry'「迷信仍會影響大家選哪天結婚」)。
Two things worth noticing. First, it is usually a judgement word: calling a belief a superstition is saying you think it is not true. People rarely say 'my superstition' seriously — they say it half-joking, or they call their own version 'a custom', 'a tradition', or just 'what we do'.
Two things有兩件事 worth noticing值得注意。First第一,it這個字 is usually a judgement word通常帶有評價的意味:calling a belief a superstition把一個信仰叫做迷信 is saying you think it is not true就是在說你認為它不是真的。People人們 rarely say 'my superstition' seriously很少會認真地說「我的迷信」——they say it half-joking他們會半開玩笑地說,or they call their own version 'a custom', 'a tradition', or just 'what we do'.或把自己的那一套叫做「習俗」、「傳統」,或就說「我們就是這樣做」。
Second, plenty of people who say they do not believe in superstitions still avoid the unlucky thing, and will tell you honestly, 'I don't believe it, but why risk it?' That gap between what people say and what they do is the interesting part of the word. Historically it was also used, quite , of other people's religions.
Second第二,plenty of people很多人 who say they do not believe in superstitions雖然說自己不信迷信 still avoid the unlucky thing卻還是會避開那個不吉利的事,and will tell you honestly而且會老實跟你說,'I don't believe it, but why risk it?'「我是不信啦,但何必冒這個險?」That gap這個落差 between what people say and what they do在說的和做的之間 is the interesting part of the word正是這個字有趣的地方。Historically歷史上,it這個字 was also used, quite rudely, of other people's religions也曾經相當無禮地被用來形容別人的宗教。
組成From Latin superstitio, from super- (above, over) + stare (to stand) — literally 'a standing over'. The Romans meant something like standing over a thing in awe, or a belief left standing on after its time; even Latin writers were not fully sure why the word meant what it meant.
同家族的字
- standthe same very old root as Latin stare 'to stand'
- stablefrom Latin stare — able to keep standing
- circumstancecircum- 'around' + stare — what is standing around a situation
- supervisesame super- 'over, above'
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
superstitionnoun/ˌs(j)uː.pə(ɹ)ˈstɪ.ʃən/
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derogatoryA belief considered to be irrational, unfounded, or based solely on fear and ignorance, particularly credulous reverence towards and belief in supernatural forces.
- What children we are in trifles! what slight things exercise an influence over us! to how much that our reason would be ashamed to acknowledge! nevertheless does it submit. Our whole nature must change; we must be less susceptible, less dependent on "blind accident," before we can shake off hopes and fears, which are almost superstitions.
- The world is not merely the sum of all its atoms... There are no atoms in themselves. Atoms regarded as things in themselves are a scientific superstition.
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archaicExcessive nicety; overscrupulousness.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。