- 1蘇丹（伊斯蘭國家的君主）。台灣新聞提到汶萊、阿曼時就用這個詞。注意「蘇丹」在中文同時是非洲國家 Sudan 的譯名，兩個完全無關，看上下文分辨：君主是 Sultan，國家是 Sudan。
A king or ruler in certain Muslim countries. Historically, the most famous sultans ruled the Ottoman Empire from Istanbul, and there were also sultans in Egypt, in Morocco, and across the Malay world. The word is still live today: has a sultan, has a sultan, and several states in Malaysia each have their own sultan, who take turns being the country's king. So this is not only a history-book word. The word carries a slight feeling of great wealth and old palaces for English speakers, and you will sometimes hear it used loosely as a joke — calling a rich man "the sultan of" something, meaning he rules that world completely. His wife or mother may be called a sultana, though sultana is much better known in Britain as a kind of , which confuses everyone. Related words you may meet: sultanate, the country or the period a sultan rules.
From the word’s history
From Middle French sultan or Medieval Latin sultanus, from Ottoman Turkish, from Arabic سُلْطَان 'strength, authority, ruler'.
經法文借自阿拉伯文 sulṭān「權力、統治者」。
組成Straight from Arabic sultan, which first meant "strength, authority" and then came to mean the person who holds that authority. It travelled into English through French and Latin from Ottoman Turkish. So the word's root idea is not "king" but "power itself" — the ruler is named after the thing he holds.
原始詞典資料11 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Sultanname
- 1
A surname.
- 2
A glacier in Antarctica
- 3
A village in Azerbaijan.
- 4
A coastal town in Libya.
- 5
An unincorporated community in Ontario.
- 6
A town, village and mountain range in Turkey.
- 7
A city and river in Washington.
sultannoun/ˈsʌltən/
- 1
historicalThe holder of a secular office, formally subordinate to, but de facto the power behind the throne of, the caliph.
- 2
A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, Morocco (until 1957) or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire.
- Here from the king's mountain view Here from the wild dream come true Feast like a sultan, I do On treasures and flesh never few
- 3
card-gamesgamesA variant of solitaire, played with two decks of cards.
- 4
A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken)
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。