喜樂美語
  1. 1

    A substratum is a layer lying under another layer. It is a formal, word — you will meet it in geology, soil science, biology and academic writing far more often than in conversation. In geology it is the rock or earth under the top soil, the layer that everything above rests on. In biology and lab work it can be the surface or material that something grows on. It is also used for ideas: writers talk about 'a substratum of truth' in a story, or 'a substratum of anger' under someone's polite words — meaning something real lying underneath what you can see. That figurative use is common in serious writing. The plural is usually 'substrata', following Latin, though 'substratums' is heard and is not wrong. In everyday English people just say 'the layer underneath' or 'the base'.

    底層、下層（地質上的下層土、基層岩）；引申指「底下潛藏的東西」

    例句逐字對照、搭配詞、易混淆字

    這一義的完整解析還沒打開。訂閱後可以看到例句怎麼拆、常跟哪些字一起出現， 以及容易跟它搞混的字。

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組成sub- (under) + stratum (a layer, from Latin sternere 'to spread out'). Literally: the spread-out thing lying underneath.

同家族的字

  • stratumthe layer itself — the same word without 'under'
  • stratathe Latin plural of stratum, used in English for layers of rock
  • streetfrom Latin via strata, 'a paved (spread-out) way' — the same 'spread' root
  • subwayshares sub- 'under' — the way that runs under

原始詞典資料3 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

substratumnoun/səbˈstrɑ.təm/

  • 1

    A layer that lies underneath another.

    • ..; in this case it became necessary to employ a machine like the lapidary's wheel, partially to grind away the colored surface till the white substratum appeared.
  • 2

    The underlying cause or basis of something.

    • However exaggerated an estimate this might be, the substratum of truth was solid and auriferous enough to dazzle the imagination.
  • 3

    human-scienceslinguisticssciencesA substrate.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。