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A striation is one of a set of narrow lines, grooves, or bands running across a surface — and 'striation' is also used uncountably for the condition of having them. In practice you almost always meet it in the plural: the striations on a shell, the striations left on rock by a glacier, the striations of a muscle fibre. Science uses it heavily. Geology reads glacier striations to work out which way ancient ice moved. Biology talks about the striations that make skeletal muscle look striped under a microscope. Forensic science compares the striations that a gun barrel scratches onto a bullet, because those fine lines are different for every gun. It is the noun that goes with the adjective 'striated', and like it, it is formal — in everyday speech people say 'lines', 'marks', 'grooves' or 'stripes'.
條紋、細紋、刻痕（學術用語；地質學指冰河在岩石上刮出的擦痕）
組成striate（有細紋的）+ -ion（把動作或狀態變成名詞的字尾）。再往回追，字根是拉丁文 stria「一道溝、一條細紋」。-ion 這個字尾走了很長的路：拉丁文 -tiō → 古法文 -ation → 中古英文 -acioun → 現在的 -ation。
原始詞典資料5 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
striationnoun[stɹaɪˈeɪ.ʃən]
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chemistrygeographygeologyOne of a number of parallel grooves and ridges in a rock or rocky deposit, formed by repeated twinning or cleaving of crystals.
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geographygeologygeomorphologyOne of a number of parallel scratch lines in rock outcrops, formed when glaciers dragged rocks across the landscape.
- The energy raised the temperature of the snow a couple of degrees, and the friction carved striations high in the icy sides of the canyon walls.
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The action of marking with a stria.
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The result of being marked with a stria.
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businessconstructionmanufacturinga parallel series of small grooves, channels, or impressions typically within a metal roof panel used to help reduce the potential for oil-canning.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。