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A spiv is a man who makes his money from small, dishonest deals rather than from a real job — selling things that fell off the back of a , black-market goods, cheap watches, tickets he should not have. The word is British and it is old-fashioned; it belongs above all to Britain in and just after the Second World War, when food and clothes were rationed and a spiv was the man who could get you nylon or extra sugar, no questions asked. Part of the picture is how he looks: a spiv dresses too well for his income — a loud tie, a sharp suit, a thin , shoes too shiny. So the word carries a mix of and a little affection. He is not a criminal; he is a small, cheat. British newspapers still sometimes use it for a flashy businessman they want to insult, but younger British people may only half-know it, and outside Britain most people will not know it at all. It is a countable noun (a spiv, two spivs), and there is an adjective 'spivvy' meaning flashy in that dishonest way.
投機的小混混、賣黑市貨的痞子(穿得很招搖、靠小騙術過活的那種男人;台灣沒有完全對應的詞,接近「二手貨販子」加「油頭滑腦」的混合)
組成來歷不清楚。有人說跟 spiff、spiffy(穿著體面、打扮花俏)有關,這跟這種人愛穿好衣服的形象對得上;也有人說 1904-1906 年間倫敦有個叫 Henry Bagster 的人多次因為這類行為被捕,外號就叫 Spiv,這個字可能就是從他來的;還有一說來自羅姆語 spiv(麻雀),因為麻雀機靈、到處撿便宜。三說都只是推測。
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
spivnoun/spɪv/
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historicalA smartly dressed person who trades in illicit, black-market or stolen goods, especially during World War II.
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datedA flashy con artist, often homeless, who lives by his wits.
- I mean, Mayfair is just top spivs stepping into the slippers of the former gentry, and Belgravia, like I've said, is all flats in houses built as palaces, and Chelsea—well!
- It was Robeson who introduced me to the other blacks in New York, the Show Boat cast, the hangers-on, girlfriends, spivs, and bookies. "My people," he called them, "my brothers and sisters" […]
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datedA low and common thief.
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datedA slacker; one who shirks responsibility.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。