- 1污泥；淤泥
Sludge is thick, soft, wet material - somewhere between a liquid and a solid, and usually not pleasant. It could be mud at the bottom of a river, dirty oil at the bottom of an engine, or waste left over from a factory or a sewage treatment plant. The word almost always sounds negative or dirty - you wouldn't use 'sludge' for something you like.
From the word’s history
From Middle English slugge, sluche 'mud, mire', probably an alteration of sliche 'mud, slush'.
源自中古英文 sluche「泥沼」，可能是 sliche「爛泥」的變體。
原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，摘錄並精簡格式，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
SLUDGEnoun
- 1
emergency-medicinemedicinesciencesAn acronym used to help remember the common symptoms of certain affections of a cholinergic toxidrome: salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, emesis.
sludgenoun/slʌd͡ʒ/
- 1
Solids separated from suspension in a liquid.
- Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale.[…]Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
- 2
A residual semi-solid material left from industrial, water treatment, or wastewater treatment processes.
- 3
A sediment of accumulated minerals in a steam boiler.
- 4
A mass of small pieces of ice on the surface of a water body.
- 5
Institutional policies that introduce tedium and inefficiency in processes.
- In the 2008 best seller Nudge, the legal scholar Cass R. Sunstein and the economist Richard H. Thaler marshaled behavioral-science research to show how small tweaks could help us make better choices. An updated version of the book includes a section on what they called “sludge”—tortuous administrative demands, endless wait times, and excessive procedural fuss that impede us in our lives.
sludgeverb/slʌd͡ʒ/
- 1
informalTo slump or slouch.
- 2
To slop or drip slowly.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
- sludge metal
摘錄自 英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary，已精簡格式；依 CC BY-SA 4.0 授權使用，改動後的內容同樣以此授權提供。