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A ruse is a clever trick you plan so that someone believes the wrong thing, and you get what you want. It is not a sudden lie shouted in a panic; it is a small piece of theatre. A fake letter, a pretended illness, a show of walking one way when you mean to go the other — those can all be a ruse.
A ruse一個ruse is是 a clever trick you plan一個你精心策劃的聰明詭計 so that someone believes the wrong thing好讓某人相信錯的事情，and而 you get what you want你得到你想要的東西。It它 is not a sudden lie shouted in a panic不是慌張中脫口而出的謊言；it is是 a small piece of theatre一場小小的戲。A fake letter一封假信，a pretended illness裝病，a show of walking one way when you mean to go the other明明想往另一邊走卻假裝往這邊走——those can all be a ruse這些都可以算是一種ruse。
Spies in stories use the word a lot; so do newspapers when they want a slightly formal tone. In everyday talk many people just say trick or plan. There is a verb “to ruse”, but it has almost died; the noun is the word that lived.
Spies in stories故事裡的間諜 use the word a lot很常用這個字；so do newspapers新聞也是 when they want a slightly formal tone當他們想要稍微正式一點的語氣時。In everyday talk在日常對話裡 many people just say trick or plan很多人就直接說trick或plan。There is a verb有一個動詞 "to ruse,"「to ruse」 but it has almost died但幾乎已經沒人用了；the noun is the word that lived而活下來的是這個名詞。
Though actually, a ruse is not always cruel. Hiding a birthday cake, or pretending you have not seen a gift, can be a kind ruse.
Though actually不過其實，a ruseruse is not always cruel不一定是殘忍的。Hiding a birthday cake把生日蛋糕藏起來，or pretending you have not seen a gift或假裝沒看到禮物，can be a kind ruse都可以是一種善意的ruse。
What it is not is a wild, messy cheat: the tidy dictionary says “deceive”, and that is fair, but the feeling is often “” more than “hurt”.
What it is not它不是 is a wild, messy cheat一種粗暴、亂來的騙術：the tidy dictionary says "deceive,"字典乾淨俐落地說是「deceive（欺騙）」 and that is fair這麼說沒錯，but the feeling is often "outwit" more than "hurt"但那種感覺通常比較接近「智取」而不是「傷害」。
組成English does not split this word. It came from Middle English rūse, from Old French ruse, first used of the twisting path a hunted animal takes to get away, then of trickery. That French noun came from ruser, “to be crafty”. Scholars are not sure of the older Latin step (some point to rursus “back / again”, others to recūsāre “to refuse”), so we stop there. The English verb, when it appears, is taken from the noun.
原始詞典資料11 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Rusename詞源 1/ˈɹuːseɪ/
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A suburb of Sydney in the Campbelltown council area, New South Wales, Australia.
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A city in northeastern Bulgaria.
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A municipality of Ruse Province, Bulgaria.
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A province in Bulgaria.
Rusename詞源 2/ˈɹuːz/
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A surname.
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A suburb in the City of Campbelltown, near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, named after James Ruse.
rusenoun/ɹuːz/
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archaicrarehobbieshuntinglifestyleA turning or doubling back, especially of animals to get out of the way of hunting dogs.
- The boar was evidently most averse to leave the field in which he had spent so may pleasant hours of uninterrupted rest; […] He turned sharply to one flank; he stopped dead, and went away in the opposite direction as he heard the hunters gallop past; every ruse he tried, but tried in vain.
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An action intended to deceive; a trick.
- Near-synonyms: ploy, stratagem, artifice
- It must be borne in mind that huntsmen sometimes make casts which they know must lose them their fox: […] At the same time, it would be bad policy to explain these little matters: some parties, who are not sufficiently acquainted with the management of hounds, might be discontented, whereas by such a ruse no offence is given, as nine-tenths of the Field are not aware that it is not the most likely cast to recover the scent.
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Cunning, guile, trickery.
- [H]e [Bertrand du Guesclin] had great natural cunning, that half-savage quality, was full of ruse and trick in war, he was contemptuous towards the high noblesse, but gentle to the poor, and generous to his friends.
- A French privateer operating under an English commission raided Massacre Island at the mouth of Mobile Bay in 1710, robbing its warehouse of thousands of deerskins and other pelts, as well as of naval stores. They took the small place by ruse.
ruseverb/ɹuːz/
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To deceive or trick using a ruse.
- Anyway, no man can escape the woman he considers too much rused for him: tear her down or run away toward her if he can't meet her head-and-hind on.
- And, in a way, s/he is already told, and what s/he him/herself is telling will not undo the fact that somewhere else s/he is told, but it will "ruse" with this; it will offer a variant in the form and even in the story.
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archaicrarehobbieshuntinglifestyleOf an animal: to turn or double back to elude hunters or their hunting dogs.
- And he [the hart] fleeth then mightily and far from the hounds, that is to say he hath gone a great way from them, then he will go into the stank, and will soil therein once or twice in all the stank and then he will come out again by the same way that he went in, and then he shall ruse again the same way that he came (the length of) a bow shot or more, and then he shall ruse out of the way, for to stall or squatt to rest him, and that he doeth for he knoweth well that the hounds shall come by the fues [footing] into the stank where he was.
- With these whelps [the hunting dogs] who know the way but are in danger of being baffled by the rusing stag, the hunter sends the reliable old harre (perseverance). He is indispensable, as he has often confronted the stag at bay.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。