Rosin is a hard, slightly sticky, amber-coloured stuff that comes from pine sap. String players rub it on the hair of a violin, viola, or cello bow so the bow can grip the string instead of sliding silently over it.

Rosin松香 is a hard, slightly sticky, amber-coloured stuff是一種堅硬、有點黏、琥珀色的東西 that comes from pine sap來自松樹的樹脂 String players rub it拉弦樂器的人會把它塗 on the hair of a violin, viola, or cello bow在小提琴、中提琴或大提琴弓的弓毛上 so the bow can grip the string這樣弓才能咬住琴弦 instead of sliding silently over it而不是無聲地滑過去

Without rosin, the bow just whispers; with too much, the sound turns scratchy.

Without rosin沒有松香的話 the bow just whispers弓只會發出氣音 with too much如果塗太多 the sound turns scratchy聲音會變得刺耳粗糙

Gymnasts, ballet dancers, and baseball pitchers also put it on their hands for grip. You buy it as a little cake and rub or grate it. There is also a verb: to rosin the bow means to put this stuff on.

Gymnasts, ballet dancers, and baseball pitchers體操選手、芭蕾舞者和棒球投手 also put it on their hands for grip也會塗在手上增加抓力 You buy it as a little cake你買到的是一小塊 and rub or grate it使用時用擦的或磨的 There is also a verb還有個動詞用法 to rosin the bow means to put this stuff on「to rosin the bow」(塗松香)意思就是把這東西塗上去

Though actually, rosin and resin are the same old word that walked into English by two different roads — resin stayed the broader name for the sticky stuff from trees; rosin is the hard cake you put on a bow. They are cousins, not strangers, but they are not spelled the same and they are not used the same.

Though actually不過其實 rosin and resin are the same old word「rosin」和「resin」原本是同一個古字 that walked into English by two different roads只是用兩條不同的路走進英文 resin依然 stayed the broader name for the sticky stuff from trees是樹脂這種黏東西比較廣義的名稱 rosin松香 is the hard cake you put on a bow則是你塗在弓上的那塊硬松香 They are cousins它們是表親 not strangers不是陌生人 but they are not spelled the same但拼法不一樣 and they are not used the same用法也不一樣