A publican is the person in charge of a pub — the one who runs the place, holds the licence, and is responsible for the drink, the staff, and the door.

A publican酒吧老闆is the person in charge of a pub是負責管理一家酒吧的人——the one who runs the place也就是實際經營這家店、holds the licence持有執照、and is responsible for the drink, the staff, and the door並且要負責酒、員工和門口（也就是整體營運）。

In Britain and Ireland this is the newspaper and law word; everyday talk often says landlord, landlady, or the owner. Australia uses publican a lot. American English almost never uses it this way.

In Britain and Ireland在英國和愛爾蘭this是報紙和法律用語is the newspaper and law word；everyday talk日常說法often says landlord, landlady, or the owner通常會說landlord、landlady或owner（老闆）。Australia澳洲uses publican a lot很常用publican這個字。American English美式英文almost never uses it this way幾乎不會這樣用。

It is a little old-fashioned and official, not a word friends use for “the person behind the bar tonight.” Though actually, there is a second, older meaning that will surprise you: in the King James Bible a publican is a tax collector, a person who gathered money for Rome. That sense comes down a different Latin road, which is why “publicans and sinners” turns up in old church English. Same spelling, two jobs.

It is它有點It is a little old-fashioned and official老派又正式，not a word friends use for "the person behind the bar tonight."不是朋友之間會用來說「今晚顧吧檯的那個人」的字。Though actually不過事實上，there is a second, older meaning還有一個更古老的意思that will surprise you會讓你意外：in the King James Bible在英王欽定本聖經裡a publicanpublican is a tax collector是收稅的人，a person who gathered money for Rome替羅馬收錢的人。That sense這個意思comes down a different Latin road來自不同的拉丁字源，which is why這也是為什麼"publicans and sinners""稅吏和罪人"這個說法turns up in old church English會出現在古老的教會英文裡。Same spelling拼法一樣，two jobs卻是兩種身分。

If the story is about beer, it is the pub. If the story is a Sunday reading, it is probably the tax man. Neither meaning is “a member of the public.”

If the story is about beer如果故事講的是啤酒，it is the pub指的就是酒吧老闆。If the story is a Sunday reading如果是主日讀經的內容，it is probably the tax man那大概就是稅吏。Neither meaning兩個意思都is "a member of the public."不是「一般民眾」的意思。