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Pretoria is a city in the north of South Africa. The government departments sit there, so it is one of the country’s three capital cities. Cape Town holds the parliament; is the centre for the courts. Pretoria is the administrative one — where the ministries work.
PretoriaPretoria is a city in the north of South Africa是南非北部的一個城市. The government departments政府部門 sit there設在那裡, so it is one of the country's three capital cities所以它是這個國家三個首都之一. Cape TownCape Town(開普敦) holds the parliament是國會所在地; BloemfonteinBloemfontein(布隆方丹) is the centre for the courts則是法院的中心. PretoriaPretoria is the administrative one是行政首都 — where the ministries work各部會辦公的地方.
Though actually, many people, including news readers, loosely say “the capital of South Africa” and mean Pretoria, or they name only Cape Town because they have heard of it. Both shortcuts leave the picture incomplete. South Africa kept three capitals on purpose, from its older political history.
Though actually不過其實, many people, including news readers很多人，包括新聞主播, loosely say "the capital of South Africa"會籠統地說『南非的首都』 and mean Pretoria指的其實是Pretoria, or they name only Cape Town because they have heard of it或者他們只提到開普敦，因為那是他們聽過的名字. Both shortcuts這兩種簡化說法 leave the picture incomplete都會讓人搞不清楚全貌. South Africa南非 kept three capitals on purpose會刻意保留三個首都, from its older political history是因為它較早期的政治歷史.
The city was named after Andries Pretorius (1798–1853), a leader. The name is a place-name built from a person’s surname, not a word you can use in other ways.
The city這座城市 was named after Andries Pretorius (1798–1853)是以Andries Pretorius（1798–1853）的名字命名的, a Boer leader一位波爾人領袖. The name這個名字 is a place-name built from a person's surname是從一個人的姓氏變成的地名, not a word you can use in other ways不是一個可以另作他用的字.
In English it is a proper noun: always Pretoria, always a capital letter. You go to Pretoria; you do not have a pretoria.
In English在英文裡, it is a proper noun它是一個專有名詞: always Pretoria, always a capital letter永遠是Pretoria，字首永遠大寫. You go to Pretoria你會說go to Pretoria（去Pretoria）; you do not have a pretoria不會說you have a pretoria.
組成Named after Andries Pretorius (1798–1853). It is a city name from a person’s surname, not a word built from English pieces.
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Pretorianame/pɹəˈtɔːɹi.ə/
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The administrative capital of South Africa.
- Following the health department’s findings, the company temporarily closed the factory, located in the city of Polokwane north of Johannesburg, as well as two other sites in Germiston and Pretoria. It also recalled its ready-to-eat meat products, pledging to address any “valid claims which may be made against it in due course.”
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the South African government
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。