Pleurisy is a serious chest illness. The thin lining around your lungs gets sore and swollen. When you breathe in, that lining rubs, and you feel a sharp pain in the chest — often worse when you cough or take a deep breath. Doctors use the word, and so do people who have been told they have it. It needs a doctor’s care. It is not the same as an infection deeper inside the lung itself, though the two can arrive together. Though actually, some people say “pleurisy” for any bad chest pain; the tidy meaning is that lining becoming sore. We say PLUR-uh-see.

肋膜炎（中國大陸較常說「胸膜炎」）