Peru is a country on the west coast of South America. Ecuador sits to the north, Bolivia and Brazil to the east, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

Peru Peru is a country on the west coast of South America是南美洲西岸的一個國家。Ecuador sits to the north厄瓜多在它的北邊， Bolivia and Brazil to the east玻利維亞和巴西在東邊， Chile to the south智利在南邊， and the Pacific Ocean to the west太平洋在西邊。

A huge spine of Andes mountains runs through the country, so you get a dry coastal strip, high cold uplands, and rainforest on the far side of the mountains — three very different worlds inside one name. Lima, on the coast, is the capital.

A huge spine of Andes mountains runs through the country一條巨大的安地斯山脈貫穿整個國家， so you get a dry coastal strip所以你會看到乾燥的沿海地帶， high cold uplands高又冷的高地， and rainforest on the far side of the mountains還有山脈另一側的雨林 — three very different worlds inside one name同一個國名底下，其實是三個很不一樣的世界。Lima, on the coast位在海岸邊的Lima， is the capital是首都。

People outside Peru often think first of the Inca, the Native American people who ruled a great mountain empire before the Spanish arrived, and of Machu Picchu, the famous stone city high in the mountains.

People outside Peru秘魯以外的人 often think first of the Inca常常第一個想到的是Inca（印加）， the Native American people who ruled a great mountain empire before the Spanish arrived也就是在西班牙人到來之前，統治一個龐大山地帝國的原住民族， and of Machu Picchu還有Machu Picchu（馬丘比丘）， the famous stone city high in the mountains也就是那座高山上有名的石造城市。

That picture is real, and it is also incomplete: Peru is a living country of tens of millions of people, where Spanish is the main public language and Quechua and other Indigenous languages are still spoken. The old empire is a deep part of how the country is imagined, though actually most Peruvians today are not “Inca” in the tourist-poster sense; they are citizens of a modern republic with cities, farms, mines, and the same mix of pride and ordinary life you would find anywhere.

That picture is real這個畫面是真的， and it is also incomplete但也不完整：Peru is a living country of tens of millions of people秘魯是一個活生生、有幾千萬人口的國家， where Spanish is the main public language在那裡西班牙語是主要的公共語言 and Quechua and other Indigenous languages are still spoken而Quechua和其他原住民語言也仍然有人在說。The old empire is a deep part of how the country is imagined這個古老的帝國，深深影響了大家對這個國家的想像， though actually most Peruvians today are not "Inca" in the tourist-poster sense不過事實上，現在大多數秘魯人並不是觀光海報裡那種「印加人」；they are citizens of a modern republic他們是一個現代共和國的公民 with cities, farms, mines有城市、農田、礦場， and the same mix of pride and ordinary life you would find anywhere也有跟世界任何地方一樣，驕傲與平凡生活交織在一起的樣子。