Metallurgy is the scientific study of metals and their uses: how we take them out of rock, how we melt and mix them, and how we treat them so they are strong, light, or right for a job. A person in this field might study why steel rusts, or how to make the metal in a plane both light and strong. It sits between chemistry, physics, and engineering.

Metallurgy冶金學 is the scientific study of metals and their uses是研究金屬和金屬用途的科學: how we take them out of rock我們怎麼從礦石裡把金屬取出來, how we melt and mix them怎麼把它們熔化、混合, and how we treat them so they are strong, light, or right for a job還有怎麼處理它們讓它們變得堅固、輕，或適合某個用途。A person in this field這個領域裡的人 might study why steel rusts可能研究鋼鐵為什麼會生鏽, or how to make the metal in a plane both light and strong或研究怎麼讓飛機用的金屬同時又輕又堅固。It sits between它介於 chemistry, physics, and engineering化學、物理和工程之間。

It is a formal, technical word — science class, factories, engineering — not dinner-table talk. Though actually, people have been doing this work for thousands of years, making bronze and then iron, long before the school subject had this name.

It is a formal, technical word這是一個正式、專業的字 — science class, factories, engineering出現在科學課、工廠、工程領域, not dinner-table talk不是餐桌上會聊的話題。Though actually不過其實, people have been doing this work for thousands of years人類做這件事已經有好幾千年了, making bronze and then iron先做青銅，後來做鐵, long before the school subject had this name遠早於這門學科有這個名字之前。

It is close to mining, but mining is getting the rock out; metallurgy is what we do with the metal.

It is close to mining它跟採礦很接近, but mining is getting the rock out但採礦是把礦石挖出來; metallurgy is what we do with the metal冶金學則是我們怎麼處理金屬。